1 10 16 https://apdh.oxomeka.org/files/original/797ccc17d5de4f83508da15f2801a7f3.jpeg ba56c6f373a00061f22080039f9c8d41 https://apdh.oxomeka.org/files/original/b1e5c1d473cbcddcae061303728f8b2a.pdf 8198c9b11332123e04b27c7a68063314 PDF Text Text Interview with a New Yorker About Her Experiences with Digital Technologies Archive of Personal Digital History Interview #15 – Post-1980 Birthdate September 2018 Introduction This is an oral interview with a first-year student at Oxford College of Emory University. She is originally from New York, NY and born between 1996 and 2000. She is a Chinese American citizen who speaks both English and Cantonese. The interview included questions about her experiences and development of skills using digital technologies. As a bilingual student, she is often found Snapchatting her friends or using WeChat to communicate with her Cantonese speaking relatives. She elected to use her iPhone 8 for the interview. For confidentiality purposes, the interviewee’s name has been replaced with the letters MC. The interview was conducted by Tracy Eng, an Asian female of 19 years old. She is a current first year student at Oxford College of Emory University. She is a member of the Digital Natives Discovery Seminar and is interested in understanding digital technologies and how they affect society as a whole. She is a resident of New Jersey and is interested in studying chemistry. Transcript TE: So, I've already taken a picture of your device, but is there anything that you'd like to tell me about why you chose this device? MC: It’s the device that I'm most on like almost all the time. It's the device that I feel like I get to use it the most to its fullest potential, whereas compared to my laptop I'm not using it in a way to its fullest extent. TE: That's cool! I can totally relate. So, can you look at records of activities that you were involved in this past month? These might be records of activities such as a calendar app, to-do list, or invitations to events on social media. What apps or programs do you use to record these activities? MC: I use the Apple calendar because it syncs up with my laptop. During course selection, I used numbers to ensure that my classes didn't interfere with each other and it also created an outline of my schedule. It was very helpful for formatting. �TE: Yeah. I should have done that. I scheduled one class where there's 5 minutes in between the next class. MC: Really? How do you manage? TE: It’s the course Learning to Lead, but luckily the person who teaches it is in my class before so he moved the class back 5 minutes. But back to you, based on what you see on your device, what were your main activities during this past month? MC: I've been watching a lot of Netflix, using Snapchat, and checking my emails a lot. TE: Sorry I think you're misunderstanding the question. The question means: what kind of activities like physical activities you are involved in? MC: Oh okay! School. School…mostly school. Chuckles TE: Laughs as well. Is there a class that is most significant to you based on your calendar? MC: Not really. I mean the app helps me keep on track of Ox Studies because it helps me know what, where and when I should go to certain events. It allows me to schedule for the next days and week. It also allows me to keep on track of interviews because it is club interview season. TE: So, what patterns do you notice in these activities? MC: I don't really do anything on the weekdays. Chuckles I mean I don't really have a consistent schedule. I haven't had a consistent weekend where I’ve done something one weekend and then repeated it the next. Everything has been different. Like it seems like you do laundry on the weekends. I do laundry whenever. So, I need to figure out a routine. TE: Are there any activities that are not reflected in your calendar? MC: No not really. If anyone were to spy on me and had access to my calendar, they would be easily able to find me and know what I'm doing. Besides that, I really like the Calendar app because it helps me remember what I have to do on Saturdays and throughout the weekend. TE: Interesting. So now we are going to move on the category of people. Can you look through your device and see what records you have on what people and relationships you have been in- �volved with? For example you may see records of people who have contacted you or you contacted them. This may be phone calls, text messages, emails, FaceTime calls, or social media interaction. Use roles or relationship names rather than their proper names. MC: For Facetime, I called a friend back at home a couple of times. For text messages, I have contacted a couple of friends here. But I still feel like I am in the point where I am still exchanging phone numbers and am at the point of “Hey this is MC!” or “Oh great this is blah blah” so I have been sending those type of messages. I am on snapchat a lot to keep up to date with friends at home. And Streaks (Both chuckle). On Instagram, it’s so nice to finally get to see the people I have been following for a while in person. TE: Yeah! I agree. MC: For calls, I call my grandma every Saturday. That’s about it. I should be on WeChat more because my parents send me voice audios. But I don’t really like Wechat. So, when I get voice audios I will typically call my dad back. TE: WeChat. Laughs MC: Do you have a WeChat? TE: Nope. Someone asked me yesterday and I was like “Nope, I’m not cool enough.” (Both laugh). So, moving on, how do you decide what form of communication to use? MC: If it’s an emergency I will text. It just depends on...mmm let me think. TE: So, for like a basic question of “How was your day?” what would you do? MC: Oh! For things like that, I will just text. So, I guess for an emergency, I will call. Then if it’s just for something like “Oh this just happened to me!” then I would take a snap, like a streaks snap. TE: What patterns do you notice in your interpersonal communication on your device? MC: Patterns? Oh, when I wake up, I check Facebook, Instagram, Snapchat, Email, like while eating breakfast. Then throughout the day, I will do the same thing during lunch. I also will check my email occasionally throughout the day. Then posting wise, I don’t really post that much. �TE: Same. MC: I don’t like to post. TE: Am I following you on Instagram? Pretty sure. It’s (MC’s Instagram handle), right? MC: Yeah. Laughs TE: So, what important interactions with people are not reflected on your device? MC: Study sessions. Umm… TE: What exactly do you mean? MC: It’s hard to study for math over text or like...so I like meeting up with people to discuss things face to face. I don’t record or take pictures when I am hanging out with people. I just like hanging out. TE: See my friends and I snapchat each other from across the room. So, it’s good. Chuckles MC: Good documentation. Laughs TE: Yeah, it’s definitely time well spent. Laughing. So now we are going to move into the category of place. Can you look through your device to see what records of places you went during this past month? You can use places on your calendar, navigation services such as Google maps, location services such as on your phone, location based social media or self-check apps such as used in fitness apps. So, what apps do you use? MC: Yesterday, I searched Murdy Hall because I was going to order food with a friend. But those plans didn’t fully go through. I really wanted pizza but I know it’s going to be a letdown because I am from New York. TE: Same. I have been also really wanting pizza. Chuckles MC: I also searched Sweet Hut because it’s been a while since I had Asian food. TE: Same. I went to Duluth yesterday for that reason. �MC: I was also really bored and decided to look at what there is to do around here. I also used Lyft because I don’t know how to drive. So usually I take the shuttle to main campus but Lyft to like Sweet Hut. TE: Well, if you ever want to get Asian food, let me know. MC: Do you ever miss Asian food? TE: Yes, that’s why I really wanted to go to Duluth yesterday. MC: I’ve been missing noodles, like I really want something soupy such as ramen or pho. TE: Moving on because we are really off topic. Both laugh Do you use any apps or services to navigate to locations? MC: Yes, usually Google Maps. TE: Did you put Murdy Hall into Google Maps? MC: Yes. Laughs. But not because I didn’t know how to walk there, but because I wanted to see the number of the address. TE: Ok. Chuckling. Do you use any apps to track your movement? MC: Uh not really. I mean I use SnapMap but for only one person. Like my friend got annoyed that I wasn’t on it. TE: You can do that? MC: Yeah you just select only these friends. So, I only have one person. I don’t really want the whole world knowing where I am. Oh, and Apple Maps I don’t really use that often. TE: Do you use these apps to check into places? MC: No. I mean I know people who check into Yelp to get higher Yelp scores. I also know that some places will give you a free drink if you check into a place. TE: I don’t know I think it’s creepy. �MC: Yeah. I completely agree. That’s why I don’t really use it. It’s also annoying. TE: Do you have location services turned on in your phone or Google Maps? MC: It’s on in Google Maps all of the time. But if I need to send a friend my location through a text, I will turn the location settings for my phone, but otherwise I will have it off. TE: So, what patterns do you notice in the places you visited or moved from place to place? MC: I don’t think there is really much pattern. I mean I’m still discovering and exploring places around Oxford. TE: How did you first learn how to navigate to new places? MC: When I was younger my grandpa always brought me places. Before we went anywhere we would look at the MTA map. We would draw out an idea of what circles we would have to get to and from. So, we would always use paper maps. But when I got older, my grandpa drew out a little map to show me what trains to take and what stops to get on and off. When I was growing up, I never really used Google Maps, it was mainly paper because that’s what my Grandpa knew how to use. TE: That’s interesting. My grandpa would kind of do the same thing, where he would navigate something on MapQuest online but then print it out. I always thought it was weird. MC: My grandpa had a paper map of all the streets in Manhattan. I tried to teach him how to use Google Maps, but he claimed he liked his map better even though I had taught him how to use the technology. I mean it was a big piece of paper. I don’t understand. Laughs. TE: What important places or navigational practices are not reflected on your device? I assume that it’s probably you and your grandpa’s use of paper maps. MC: Yeah definitely, paper maps are not on my device. But since we are now in a new place, I wouldn’t even try using a paper map here at Oxford. TE: Same. I’m not even sure where you would find one. Both laugh TE: Are there any apps that you use to discover new places? �MC: I sometimes use Eventbrite or when Facebook tells you what is going on around you, I will use that. TE: So, moving on to Media. MC: Oh, I use Facebook, Instagram, and Snapchat. I mean I also use WeChat and I post things on there but I only use it so that my grandparents are up-to-date on what's going on with me but it's never stuff that I would post on Facebook or Instagram. I don't know if it would be good enough to post on Instagram or Facebook. TE: Yeah same. I don't really like posting either. Do you prefer any of these apps over the other? MC: I usually prefer Facebook over all of them. Because, as I said before, they have events. It's like combining everything into one app. But lately I have been liking Instagram more. Maybe it has to do with the visuals. TE: Yeah! I agree. Also, because of the Instagram stories, like Snapchat, you can see what other people are doing in that instant. Based on what you see on your device, is there any social media that you create the most? MC: I don't really create things. I mean I wish I could edit videos. It's definitely something I would like to learn how to do. TE: Are there any examples of social media that are most significant to you? MC: I guess I really like Snapchat because I like contacting people that I haven't seen in a month. With streaks, I don't miss people as much because for the past month or so we've been sending each other one liners. We know that we still exist. It’s just the easiest and fastest form of communication. Chuckles TE: So, moving from that, do you produce or alter any form of social media? MC: Not really. I mean even with photos, I don’t know how to edit them. I really wish I could edit photos. TE: Same I don't post enough to know or learn how to do it. Are there any patterns in your social media use? �MC: I guess it's the whole breakfast and lunch pattern where I check my social media. TE: Do you check it during dinner? MC: Yeah. I guess it's the whole three meal thing, but overall I just check it whenever I am bored. TE: Interesting. I would say the same for myself. Is there any way that you store media in particular? MC: I only really store photos, but when it gets to too much, I will transfer it to a USB, but I don't really do this too often. TE: Do you share this media with others in specific ways? MC: Not really. Aside from occasionally posting, I am not that active on social media. TE: Can you tell me about any strategies that you use to ensure your privacy on social media? MC: For Facebook Messenger, I keep locations off because I do not want it sent or I don't want people to know where I'm texting from. For Snapchat, I don't like using the filters because I don't like people knowing my location unless it's really cool. TE: Is there any form media that is not reflected in the information on your device? This would include reading physical newspapers, listening to the radio, watching television, playing videos games or any other examples. MC: Even with reading newspapers, I will read it on my phone. So no, not really. TE: How did you start using digital technology? How has your relationship grown throughout your lifetime? MC: I watched a lot of television as a kid but I never started using the computer until elementary school and it wasn’t until after I took a couple of computer classes that were a part of my school day. Since then I've been continually using it. TE: Of the activities that you've described so far, what form of digital technology was the most complex for you to learn? �MC: Microsoft Excel, I feel that it is very confusing. But now that I'm more familiar with it, I feel that it is pretty easy to use. I still wish I could learn how to budget my money using Microsoft Excel. TE: Same I would like to learn how to balance my finances using Excel. Where did you learn how to use these complex digital technologies? MC: It was always in a school setting, like for Microsoft PowerPoint, we would learn how to use it to record voices, but through the computer games we played in school, so I never felt like I have learned anything. TE: Can you tell me about any activities that you wish you knew how to do? MC: I would have to say coding and how to use Excel in a more complex away. I would also like to learn how to edit videos. TE: Why do you wish you knew how to complete these tasks? MC: I feel that it would save me a lot of time in future activities and it's very applicable in many settings. TE: Do you feel that you need these skills to work effectively in today's society? MC: I feel that to function in today's society you definitely have to know how to use Microsoft Word and PowerPoint and also how to write professional emails. TE: Laughs. I think they should have a course that teaches these things. Going from that, what skills should a digitally literate person be defined as having? MC: I think it is someone who has the ability to see something wrong with digital technology and be able to fix it without asking for help. I think that is what it means to be digitally literate. TE: Do you think that you are digitally literate? MC: No. I often forget how to do basic things on the computer. For example, I keep forgetting how to take a basic screenshot of my computer screen and I keep having to look it up. TE: Because you don’t consider yourself digitally literate, what else would you like to learn? �MC: I would like to become more comfortable with the shortcuts on my keyboard. I also want to learn various terms used. For instance, when buying a laptop, someone who is digitally literate would know exactly what they want and how to buy a particular system. If I were to buy a new laptop, I would not exactly know what to do. TE: Is there anything else you would like me to know? MC: No. I think the questions were pretty thorough. But I think people who build their own computers are pretty insane too. TE: That’s very true. MC: It’s like being literate with digital technologies on a whole different level. � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource 2018 APDH Interviews-Post-1980 Birthdates Oral History A resource containing historical information obtained in interviews with persons having firsthand knowledge. Interviewer The person(s) performing the interview Tracy Eng Interviewee The person(s) being interviewed MC (pseudonym) Original Format The type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data Transcript Duration Length of time involved (seconds, minutes, hours, days, class periods, etc.) 10 pages State/Province of Residence The state or province in which the interviewee currently resides New York, USA State/Province of Birth The state or province in which the interviewee was born New York, USA Five-year birth range The five-year range in which the interviewee was born 1996-2000 Nationalities All nationalities reported by the interviewee Chinese Gender Gender identified by the interviewee (female, male, non-binary/third gender) Female Race or ethnicity The interviewee's reported race or ethnicity Asian Socioeconomic class The interviewee's reported socioeconomic class (working class, middle class, upper middle class, upper class) Working Class Main Languages Main languages reported by the interviewee English, Cantonese Occupation College Student Length of digital device access The length of time the interviewee has had access to any digital device (computer, mobile phone, gaming system, etc.) Since 5th grade Age of regular digital device acess The age the interviewee first owned or had regular in-home access to a digital device of some sort (computer, mobile phone, gaming system, etc.) 4th grade Coding/markup languages Coding or markup languages with which the interviewee reports familiarity N/A Device Type Type of device the interviewee chose to be interviewed about. Cellphone Device Make and Model The make and model of the device the interviewee chose as particularly significant for them. iPhone 8 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Interview with a New Yorker About Her Experiences with Digital Technologies Description An account of the resource Interview #15 - Post-1980 Interview This is an oral interview with a first-year student at Oxford College of Emory University. She is originally from New York, NY and born between 1996 and 2000. She is a Chinese American citizen who speaks both English and Cantonese. The interview included questions about her experi- ences and development of skills using digital technologies. As a bilingual student, she is often found Snapchatting her friends or using WeChat to communicate with her Cantonese speaking relatives. She elected to use her iPhone 8 for the interview. For confidentiality purposes, the in- terviewee’s name has been replaced with the letters MC. The interview was conducted by Tracy Eng, an Asian female of 19 years old. She is a current first year student at Oxford College of Emory University. She is a member of the Digital Natives Discovery Seminar and is interested in understanding digital technologies and how they affect society as a whole. She is a resident of New Jersey and is interested in studying chemistry. Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Oxford College of Emory University Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource September 2018 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource Adobe PDF Language A language of the resource English Apple Chinese-American college student iPhone post-1980 birthdate https://apdh.oxomeka.org/files/original/43436f3880cfd82cbd45ca202ea567b6.jpg 9df9784d99f94a54d09ea56f4f9e5218 https://apdh.oxomeka.org/files/original/7358aa3480078a3d4cbdaa63eda809d2.pdf 82433b1050c4f689652bb15e414e3d4e PDF Text Text 1 Interview with a First-Year Oxford College Student About His Digital Experiences Archive of Personal Digital History Interview #12 - Post-1980 Birthdate September 26, 2018 Introduction This is an oral interview with Sean Davidson1 conducted by Osasere Collette. Davidson is an African American male who is from Baltimore, Maryland and is 17 years old, and currently a first-year student at Oxford College of Emory University. Osasere Collette is also a first-year student at Oxford College of Emory University. He is Nigerian-American and was mainly raised in Hackensack, NJ. His intentions for this interview were to provide insight on a person’s experience with digital media and also see how they might contradict the ideology of a digital native, being that they both were born within 2000-2005. Transcript OC: In this interview, I would like to ask you to take me on a “guided tour” of a digital device that is particularly significant for you and that you use routinely such as your mobile phone, laptop, desktop computer, gaming system, or some other device important to you. If the device enables it, I would like you to review records of your activities during the past month (such as calendar entries, text messages, phone calls, emails, websites, and social-media interactions) and talk to me about the people you interact with, the places you go, and the ways you use media and communication technologies. You can decide what to comment on and what to ignore, and you can decide when to share an example by showing it to me on your device. You should only share examples when you feel comfortable doing so. Also, please don’t share information about anything illegal or information that would compromise the privacy of another person, and please don’t mention the names of other people. When referring to other people, please name them by their role rather than their name: for example, “a co-worker” or “a family member.” Before we begin, do you have any questions? SD: No. 1 Following the protocol established with my Institutional Review Board, participant names are pseudonyms to preserve confidentiality. �2 OC: Do you mind if I take a picture of your device? SD: No. OC: Okay then...Tell me about why you chose this device? SD: My Phone? OC: Yes. SD: I chose it because it’s the uh… device that I use the most, I use it every day and uh I got most of my memories on it. OC: Mhm...Okay...Okay...What apps or programs, if any, do you use to plan, coordinate, or record your activities? SD: Um… to plan my activities I use the calendar app, sometimes the reminders...umm...record...I guess sometimes snapchat, but that’s it. OC: Based on what you see on your device, what are your main activities though? SD: Um..I got a lot of pictures and videos of me playing basketball, so basketball will be a main activity. OC: Oooohhh...You’re a basketball player. SD: Yeah I play basketball. OC: That’s the I guess, that’s the most umm...I guess significant to you would you say? �3 SD: Correct. OC: What patterns do you notice in the activities you are involved in? SD: Ummm...what do you mean by patterns? (laughing) OC: When I say patterns I just basically mean like things that you’re like heavily influenced in in basically your everyday life. SD: I already said basketball (laughing). OC: Okay then, What important activities are not reflected in the information on your device? SD: Mhmmm (laughing)...that’s a tough one (long pause)...I would say my schoolwork and like homework activities because I don’t really have... I put most of my academic stuff on my computer. OC: oh okay, so, Next I’d like to ask you to look through your device to see what records you have of the people you were involved in...with during the past month. For example, you might have records of people you contacted, or even contacted you, in your phone records, your text messages, your emails, your social-media interactions, or your video calls such as FaceTime maybe since you have an Apple device. What apps or programs, if any, do you use to communicate with other people? SD: I use snapchat every day, Instagram, um.. Sometimes I would use facetime, messages, um...I use twitter, and also just calling people on the phone. OC: So like, how do you decide which mode of communication to use over another? I.e., Do you use particular modes of communication for particular situations? People? Please enlighten me. �4 SD: Um… it depends on the person, so if I'm trying to talk to my parents or something I would either facetime or text, but if I’m trying to talk to one of my friends I would probably just snapchat them, unless I need an immediate answer, I would call or text them. OC: Are there any interactions with people are not reflected in information on your device? SD: Ummm...I don’t think so. OC: Now, I’d like to ask you to look through your device to see what records you have of the places you went during the past month. For example, you might have records of places on your calendar, in a mapping application such as Google Maps, in the Location Services data of your phone, in location-based social media such as FourSpace...FourSquare sorry, or in self-tracking apps such as the ones used for fitness. What apps or programs, if any, have records of the places you visited? SD: Umm… Snapchat has a location, umm...like services type app on it...I mean accessibility on it, also the Map and Ways app I use when I’m like driving. OC: Which app or program do you think that you use the most to navigate you in your everyday life. SD: Ummm...probably maps. OC: Maps. SD: Mmhmm. OC: Okay...Ummm...how did you first learn to navigate new locations? Like reading maps? Memorizing landmarks? SD: Ummm...I would just open the app(laughing). �5 OC: That’s interesting so you never really like I guess...I guess you never really memorized like certain places that you have gone to before because your does it for you huh? SD: Correct, I never really had to. OC: Furthermore, I’d like to ask you to look through your device to see what records you have of the media you used during the past month. For this section, I am interested in social media posts, texts, photos, music, videos, TV shows, movies, and games that you have read, listened to, watched, or played . . . or that you yourself have created and distributed. These could be social media, entertainment media, news media, or any other kind of media or information. You might have records of your media use in your browser history, your Google Search history, your Netflix history, your YouTube history. So please, what apps or programs do you use the most to access or even produce media in your everyday life? SD: I use Instagram, Snapchat, Twitter, and YouTube the most. OC: Why? SD: Ummm...Instagram to catch up with people’s everyday lives to see what they’re posting, Snapchat to talk to people...umm...and just sending pictures of your face to several different people, Twitter you can really catch up on the news...umm...just get random thoughts from people’s heads and then YouTube people post videos about what they’re doing throughout the week and you just watch them. OC: Can you also tell me about your strategy to like store your media? SD: To store my media I usually save it on my phone. I have 32 gigs so that’s a good amount (laughing). OC: Mhm...Can you give me some examples of media that are especially significant for you? �6 SD: Ummm...for me I would say Apple music because when I'm going from class to class or place to place, I like to listen to music put my headphones in and just vibe. OC: That’s interesting...Just Vibe he said. SD: (laughter) OC: Lastly, what important media are not reflected in information on your device? SD: Ummm...I like to play videogames on my Xbox and then some people have PS4’s so I play uhh...2K, Call of Duty, FIFA, and stuff like that. OC: How long have you had, I guess, a video game system. SD: I bought myself a Xbox in fifth grade and then...so ever since fifth grade. OC: Hmmm...Alright lastly, hold on there I know it’s kind of draining. In this final section, I’d like you to reflect on your history with the device and apps you have shared with me, focusing on how you learned to use them in the way that you currently do. First I would like to ask like, how did you start using digital technology, and how has you relationship with it grown throughout your lifetime? SD: Ummm...I definitely believe that my relationship with technology has gotten better and like deeper because um...as a kid I didn’t really use it as much as I do now, cause now I’m on my phone everyday...um...like most of the day on different apps and stuff like that. OC: Of the activities you have described so far which, I guess, were the most complex for you to learn and maybe master? SD: Ummmmmmm….I really don’t know how to answer that. �7 OC: Oh okay then, so can you tell me about any activities you wish you knew how to do with your device? SD: I kind of wish I knew how to code because that seems like a nice skill to have. It seems helpful and like college situations and job opportunities. OC: What are you missing in order to learn how to complete that? SD: Ummm...just the education and I’m kind of lazy so I really do feel like coding. OC: Oh, so you mentioned education, do you feel like you have the digital skills to operate...effectively...um in a professional context? Like how could you measure this ability? SD: Ummm… I think my ability would be pretty good for a professional setting but..umm...measuring it I’m not really sure how I could go about doing that. OC: Well when I say measure in academic context like how do you feel like right now academically you are to I guess accomplish that? SD: Academically I think I can accomplish all of my goals in school using digital technology...um I’m well versed in that aspect of life in academics. OC: Oh...okay, how would you describe someone who is digitally literate then? SD: Uh… digitally literate...Someone who is digitally literate I would say is just someone who is able to use the digital networks and like digital aspects of life to...um...just accomplish what they need to accomplish. It doesn’t really matter, like I don’t think it’s one set opinion it’s just everybody and their own...um...aspects of life that they need to accomplish digitally. OC: Would you then consider yourself digitally literate? �8 SD: I would say so because I can accomplish my goals on the internet and such things of that nature. OC: How did you learn to become digitally literate then? SD: Mmmmm...I think just growing up around computers and stuff like that because like just the age we live in… it just happened that way. OC: Lastly, for the final question of the interview, is there anything else you would like me to know? Is there something I did not ask that I should have asked? SD: No. � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource 2018 APDH Interviews-Post-1980 Birthdates Oral History A resource containing historical information obtained in interviews with persons having firsthand knowledge. Interviewer The person(s) performing the interview Osasere Collette Interviewee The person(s) being interviewed Sean Davidson (pseudonym) Original Format The type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data Transcript Duration Length of time involved (seconds, minutes, hours, days, class periods, etc.) 8 pages State/Province of Residence The state or province in which the interviewee currently resides Baltimore, MD State/Province of Birth The state or province in which the interviewee was born Baltimore, MD Five-year birth range The five-year range in which the interviewee was born 2001-2005 Nationalities All nationalities reported by the interviewee American Gender Gender identified by the interviewee (female, male, non-binary/third gender) Male Race or ethnicity The interviewee's reported race or ethnicity African-American Socioeconomic class The interviewee's reported socioeconomic class (working class, middle class, upper middle class, upper class) Upper Middle Class Main Languages Main languages reported by the interviewee English Occupation College Student Length of digital device access The length of time the interviewee has had access to any digital device (computer, mobile phone, gaming system, etc.) Since Middle School Age of regular digital device acess The age the interviewee first owned or had regular in-home access to a digital device of some sort (computer, mobile phone, gaming system, etc.) 10 years old Coding/markup languages Coding or markup languages with which the interviewee reports familiarity N/A Device Type Type of device the interviewee chose to be interviewed about. Cellphone Device Make and Model The make and model of the device the interviewee chose as particularly significant for them. iPhone 7 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Interview with a First-Year Oxford Student About His Digital Experiences Description An account of the resource Interview #12 - Post-1980 Interview This is an oral interview with Sean Davidson1 conducted by Osasere Collette. Davidson is an African American male who is from Baltimore, Maryland and is 17 years old, and currently a first-year student at Oxford College of Emory University. Osasere Collette is also a first-year student at Oxford College of Emory University. He is Nigerian-American and was mainly raised in Hackensack, NJ. His intentions for this interview were to provide insight on a person’s experience with digital media and also see how they might contradict the ideology of a digital native, being that they both were born within 2000-2005. Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Oxford College of Emory University Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource September 2018 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource Adobe PDF Language A language of the resource English African-American Apple college student iPhone post-1980 birthdate https://apdh.oxomeka.org/files/original/94e52674f864ac03313656928e27c7b4.pdf 4b62ca91ccc259dbf870dbd63c238d6f PDF Text Text Interview with a First-Year Ecuadorian-American College Student About Her Use of Digital Technology Archive of Personal Digital History Interview #8 - Post-1980 Birthdate September 23, 2018 Transcript Interviewer: Alright, so, in this interview I would like to ask you to take me on a guided tour of the digital device that is particularly significant to you and that you use routinely- your mobile phone, laptop, et. cetera. Um, if the device enables it I would like you to review records during the past months; calendars, entries, text messages, phone calls, et. cetera, and talk to me about like, the people you interact with, the places you go, and the ways you use media and communication technology. So, you can decide what to comment on or to ignore, and you can decide to share an example by showing it to me on your device. You should only share examples when you feel comfortable doing so, and don’t share anything- any information about anything like, illegal or anything that would compromise the privacy or… anything of another person (aside) please don’t get me in trouble. Interviewee: (laughter) Interviewer: (laughter) Yeah, please don’t mention the names of other people, um, when referring to the names of other people, refer to them by their role rather than their name, like coworker, family member, et. cetera. Okay, so, before we begin, do you have any questions? Interviewee: Uh...no, We’re good. Interviewer: K, do you mind if I take a picture of your device? Interviewee: Oh, no, absolutely, go for it...enjoy, its uh, got a crackInterviewer: Fantastic. It’s okay, we’re going to use my crappy iPhone camera Interviewee: Super real now. Interviewer: Yeah. Interviewee: (unintelligible) Interviewer: (laughter) Okay, so, tell me about why you chose this device? Interviewee: Um, I think that it’s, like, one of the devices in my life that I have, like, the most complicated relationship with; um, I am like a very anxious person, I really struggle with �anxiety, so, um, I go back and forth like sometimes I use it to take photos of things that like, like the world as I see it. So like, I’ll be like looking down and I always look down at my feet as I walk, so like I’ll take a photo of like- just like, basically of like me feet and like the ground, but it’s like I have so many of these photos from like, years and years, so like, I don’t know. It's just like a nice habit to do, so in that case, I’m like, attached to my phone, because it’s just like, easy access to a cameraInterviewer: Understandable. Interviewee: On the other hand, I...like… I don’t know. Like I can’t...(sigh). It’s nice to be in communication with people but just like, the social media thing has always stressed me out, and like, texting, having people like, know where I am? Like um, I… I don’t know. My roommate and I are in sort of a friend group on campus and everybody has shared their locations with each other and it's freaking weird. (aside) I’m sorry I don’t know if I’m allowed to say likeInterviewer: It’s fine! Interviewee: (laughter) It’s really hard. Um, yeah, so just like, yeah kind of just having that...it’s like a tracker, that I’m willingly putting on myself y’know? Interviewer: Yeah. Understandable. Do you have your Snap Maps on? Or no? Interviewee: I don’t have my Snap Maps onInterviewer: Me neither. Interviewee: I don’t think I do. That- this is the otherInterviewer: You have to turn it off. If you didn’t turn it off... Interviewee: I hope I don’t. Interviewer: ...manually… Interviewee: I hope I don’t. I hope I don’t. Is...is my answer. Interviewer: (unintelligible) really creepy. Interviewee: (aside) Yeah that is really creepy. Interviewer: Yeah, yeah. Understandable. Okay. So um, to start I’d like to ask you to look through your device to see what records you have of like, the activities that you’ve been involved in during the past month. (aside) This is so… formal I hate this. Interviewee: No, no, no, it’s good, it’s good. Um, so, most of my things I’ve been doing, in my calendar- when I got to school I started doing everything on like a um planner so I didn’t have to �carry my phone all the time. But it got really hard because the more I was adding to it, the more, like, the less space… and then I have to erase and rewrite every three seconds so, um, now I have everything stored. So I have lots and lots of records of everything I’ve done… Interviewer: Nice. Interviewee: ...over the last couple of days, or like the past month, basically. Um, and, (aside) what else do I use? Most- mostly it’s like my email and my calendar… my notes, um, yeah that’s basically like most of the record of where I’ve been. Interviewer: Yeah. Interviewee: Yeah. Interviewer: Um, so what are your main activities, based, like, only on what’s on the phone? Interviewee: Um, so my main activities based on wh- I mean like school and studying, um, a lot of, like, when things are due, um, and Model UN, and there’s been a lot of stuff, so like different clubs on campus. Um, let’s see what else is there? I went back home for my aunt’s wedding Interviewer: Oh, cool! Interviewee: So you can see, my-my flight… Interviewer: That’s awesome. Interviewee: …and the time the wedding was supposed to be. Interviewer: Yeah. That’s really cool. Interviewee: Yeah. So I think those are… those are my activities. Interviewer: I was gonna ask, like, what patterns you notice but we pretty much talked about- its just school. So like... Interviewee: Yeah. So it’s mostly school. I mean, like, if people text me and are like, “Oh, let’s go hang out,” then I guess that’s a record as well. Interviewer: Yeah. Interviewee: Um, but, because I’m just… I-I think its a little bit of a different case scenario if you’d asked me a few months ago… Interviewer: Right. �Interviewee: ...there’d be a lot more record of my social life on my phone, but since everybody’s like so… so close on campusInterviewer: Yeah. Interviewee: It’s a little bit of a different story. Interviewer: Exactly. Understandable. Um, any important activities that are not reflected in your phone? Anything you do that you didn’t take a record of? Interviewee: (laughter) Yeah, I mean, I-I go runningInterviewer: Oh! Interviewee: To like, destress y’know? Interviewer: That’s awesome. Interviewee: So, I usually take my phone but I’ll actually like, put it on airplane mode so… I just use it for the music. And then I have my running watch so I don’t even use it to like, track GPS or anything. Um, so that’s mainly… Interviewer: That’s really cool. I wish I had it in me to run. Interviewee: (laughter) It’s only because I did track in high school. Interviewer: That’s really cool. Alright, so, um, next can you look through your device and see what records you have of any people you were involved with in the last few months; family… involved with is, like, such a weird wayInterviewee: Involved with? (laughter) Interviewer: It’s bad. But you know what, it’s fine. Interviewee: (laughter) Um, yeah, so… most of them… actually I was looking at- it- I… it called my attention the other day, because usually the people… I love talking on the phone. If I’ll talkIf I can talk on the phone instead of… Interviewer: Text? Interviewee: ...text someone, I will do it. Um, and I’m like getting texts, even just like holding my (unintelligible) Interviewer: (laughter) Interviewee: Oh this is… embarrassing. �Interviewer: No, that’s awesome. You have more of a social life than me. Interviewee: (laughter) Probably not. Um, but yeah I was looking at my phone, and most of the time in high school like I’d… look at my phone and it’d be like, my parentsInterviewer: Right. Interviewee: -and now it’s like, there’re like, two calls from my parents and then like, 50 calls from like a bunch of different people, like, I don’t know, trying to organize stuff or finding out where people are or… yeah. I don’t know. So Interviewer: That’s pretty cool. Um… so… yeah so any text messages, emails, social media interactions, you saidInterviewee: Social media not that much. Interviewer: you’re not usually a fan of social media... Interviewee: Yeah, I have, um, I have Instagram on my phone, um, because I have like a Finsta? It’s like a fake… Instagram… Interviewer: Oh! Interviewee: Um, and, I haven’t really posted in it for a while, it’s been since August 14th, and, I don’t really post that often. It’s just when like really kinda funny things happenInterviewer: Right. Interviewee: That like, I think it’s funny, like, it’s… like the last thing I posted was me and my boss’ conversation, and I said that I was going to be back from my lunch break a little bit late, and it was my last day of work, and he replied “you’re fired” and I said “oh my god”... Interviewer: (laughter) Interviewee: ...and he said “don’t bother coming in tomorrow,” so like, y’know, like, funny things like that. Interviewer: That’s really cool. Interviewee: Um, but, yeah so social media… I don’t really think that shows anything about, like, who I hang out with because it’s kind of very general. Interviewer: Yeah. �Interviewee: Texts, you could see who I hang out with, like, my friends mostly, or like people I meet in school. Interviewer: (unintelligible) Interviewee: And then, emails, not necessarily who I hang out with, but like, more, like, formal acquaintances, y’know, soInterviewer: Right. Interviewee: -teachers, or club presidents, or…(sigh) Oxford Registrar (laughter). Interviewer: (laughter) Oxford Registrar isInterviewee: Yeah. Interviewer: -on top of things. Interviewee: Yeah, exactly. Interviewer: Yeah. Interviewee: SoInterviewer: Um, so how do you decide, like, which mode of communication do you use over another one? Is it just, whichever you prefer, or…? Interviewee: Hmm… that’s a good question. Okay so, I also, now that I’ve, like, looked around, there are also like, two other modes of- It’s like Snapchat as well, which I don’t use that often. Interviewer: Mmm-hmm. Interviewee: And like, MessengerInterviewer: Oh, wow. Interviewee: -Facebook Messenger. So, back home, most of my friends used Facebook Messenger, which is kind of weird, so if I’m texting someone from home, depending on who it is, sometimes I’ll text in Facebook Messenger. Um, a group chat- a group chat of my friends… Interviewer: Yeah. Interviewee: ...at home, um, has- uses Facebook Messenger, so I’ll- I’ll text in that if I need to talk to them. Otherwise, um, if it’s people from here I’ll text them, call, um, obviously email, whatever. Interviewer: Right. �Interviewee: WhatsApp, now, I’ve really, like, have missed a lot. WhatsApp is like, mostly, when- yeah. It’s like mostly for my family, because some of my family lives in Ecuador, soInterviewer: Oh, wow. Interviewee: -if I’m texting them or calling them, it’ll be through there. And then Snapchat… I really don’t use it. Interviewer: (laughter) Interviewee: I don’t know if that really counts, but, yeah. Interviewer: Yeah. So would you say it’s like, more based on like the groups of people that you’re talking to, or just…? Interviewee: Yeah, definitely. So it just kind of depends on, like, what- like there’s, like, a precedent that’s already been set. Interviewer: Right. Interviewee: So, whatever form of communication I’ve always communicated with them… with them in, is usually the one I’ll… Interviewer: That makes sense. Interviewee: Yeah. Interviewer: Um, any patterns that you notice in the communication in your device? (aside) that’s really vague. Interviewee: Mmm, I mean- okay, let’s see. So, I think- well, I’ve been using- I’ve been using social media and like, my phone less, so… patterns? Um, I- I don’t know. I feel like I have really short conversations in Messages, or it’s like, planning things, um, with my friends from home it’s usually, like, longer conversations about, like, what’s going on in their lives and stuff. Um, so yeah, so I think like, WhatsApp, Messenger, and Messages are both kind of used in the same way. Interviewer: Right. Interviewee: And so there aren’t really any, like, differing patterns there; all of it’s just kind of the same. Um, I don’t know, I guess eMail is what I use the most, just because, for school y’know? Interviewer: Right. �Interviewee: And… so yeah I don’t really know of any patterns, there’s just like, all the time. (laughter) Interviewer: Yeah, exactly. Interviewee: And then, um, Snapchat, I guess it’s kind of interesting. Snapchat, I like, sometimes I’ll go through these phases where I’m like, super into streaks and stuff, and then I’m like, “I can’t do this.” So I just open everybody’s Snapchats and just leave them all on “Opened.” Interviewer: (laughter) Interviewee: I’ll just like, make it known, throughout my friends, like, in person, and be like, “I’m- I’m not trying to not respond to you, but I’m also like, not trying to use Snapchat.” Interviewer: (unintelligible) Interviewee: “So just like, letting you know.” Interviewer: Honestly. Yeah. That… makes a lot of sense. Interviewee: (laughter) Interviewer: Um… so, what are your, like, most important interactions with people that aren’t on the phone? Interviewee: Most important? Interviewer: Mmm-hmm. Interviewee: Um… I mean I guess...I guess just like sitting down and having conversations, um, depending on… who it is, about different things is going to be more important than others. (aside) That was kind of worded badly. But, um, for example if I was talking to an acquaintanceInterviewer: (laughter) Interviewee: -from school, y’know? Um, or like a friend, then I will, like, (sigh) I don’t know, maybe the most significant conversation or like, interaction with them would be like talking about something personal, or talking about, um, something, like, having like a really intellectual argument, or something like debate something that I kind of, find interesting, um. Somewhatever that I would think about by myself, if I were to share that with other people, I would consider that to be a pretty significant, um, conversation or interaction. Or with my parents, um, I think that it would change slightly, mostly because my parents usually already know, like, most of the stuff that’s just going on in my life, so, if there’s ever a time where we sit down and reflect on a past- a shared past experience, or a past experience that I have that they know about, or they had that I know about, that would be a significant conversation I think. �Interviewer: That was very eloquent. Interviewee: (laughter) Thanks, I appreciate it. Interviewer: (laughter) You’re welcome. Um, so, any- ok so now we’re switching to places. So any, uh, apps that you have that record, like, the places that you’ve been? I mean, you said that you don’t like SnapMaps all that much. Interviewee: No. Um, yeah, so, I think the one thing that would record where I’ve been, other than- other than Instagram whenever I post, um, sometimes I’ll tag where I was, or the general location. I don’t know if I’ve done that in a while but sometimes I will. Um, so, for example I went to go see a movie with, um, my friends back home, um, and so I s- I tagged the Summerville (sp?) Theatre, because that’s where I went to go see the movie. Um, but, other than that I think whatever places would be like, in the Location, um- in like the location of my iCalCalendar remindersInterviewer: Mmm-hmm. Interviewee: So, yeah. Interviewer: Any apps that you use to like, navigate places? Interviewee: Mostly no, just because I know where the campus- where like mostInterviewer: Right. Interviewee: -things on campus are. Um, I… don’t really use my phone when I’m driving at home, to, like- I have Waze on my phone, and GP- and the Maps, but I don’t use them ever, um, I have them just in case, but the car I use has a GPSInterviewer: Oh, wow. Interviewee: -so I just use that. I just think it’s like… text coming down… I don’t know; It really stresses me out to like, see, like, whatever, and then I’m already like a- like stressed driver so Interviewer: (laughter) Interviewee: I don’t know. I don’t really- I don’t like the… Interviewer: Yeah, that makes sense. So any apps that you use to track your movement? Or- any location that you’ve been? Interviewee: Not really. Unless I’m missing something particularly obvious. I don’t really think so, no. Interviewer: Yeah. Tracking movement is kind of...creepy. �Interviewee: (laughter) Interviewer: I was going to think of a better word, but that’s all I got. Interviewee: Yeah, no, that’s like ah- yeah. Interviewer: Mmm-hmm. Interviewee: I mean unless I’m writing- nah, I mean not really. I mean in high school I used to write note of like, cool running routesInterviewer: Oh, cool. Interviewee: But other than that, I mean like- (laughter) I don’t know. Interviewer: Yeah. Do you have your Location Services turned on for your phone? Interviewee: Yes, um, just because my parents, like, wannaInterviewer: Wanna know where you are? Interviewee: -wanna know where I am. Also I- I lose my phone a fair amount, soInterviewer: Understandable. Interviewee: -that’s kind of nice. Interviewer: That little Find My iPhone thing’s real handy. Interviewee: Exactly. Interviewer: Yeah. Um so, how did you first learn to like, navigate places, like, without your phone? Did you like, memorize landmarks or…? Interviewee: Um, I’m usually pretty good with memorizing landmarks. I think I’m like a- I don’t really know if it’s like a kinetic learner or a visual learner, I don’t really know, but um, I’ve always been pretty good with memorizing like, paths, or- It’s not even memorizing for me. I guess it just makes sense in the context of it? Interviewer: Mmm-hmm. Interviewee: Like if I’m reading it’s the same kind of deal. So I think that that’s… what it is. On campus I like, looked at a map of the campus before I got here too, to like, try to memorize a little bit of like, where I shouldInterviewer: That’s so smart. �Interviewee: -be going. Mmm...mostly because I really hate feeling like a freshman though. Interviewer: Yeah. It’s the worst. Interviewee: (laughter) So, yeah. Interviewer: Um, any apps- anything that’s not like, recorded in an app that you- that’s like an important location or… somewhere that you go a lot or…? Interviewee: Um, I really like finding really like, cutesy little, like, nooks to go study, so I’ve been just taking it upon myself to like, every time I go study I have to study in, like, a different place on campus. So that’s not recorded in my phone, but sometimes I’ll come up hereInterviewer: Right. Interviewee: -in Candler. Interviewer: Yeah. Interviewee: I don’t know if I’m allowed to say that, but I’m- okay. UmInterviewer: They know where we are. Interviewee: Yeah. Um, but yeah. So maybe I’ll go to the library, or, I’ll go into one of the other halls. Pierce Hall, Tarbutton, you know. Interviewer: Yeah. Interviewee: Depends on the day. Interviewer: Makes sense. Any apps you use to- well, discover new places, I guess that’s like what you were just talking about but anything, like, outside of campus? Interviewee: Um, I don’t use apps, I don’t think so. I mean unless I was trying to find something specific- I was thinking about going on like a hike, or doing that- just like a- just going with my friends. Interviewer: Right. Interviewee: So, I think- I haven’t done it yet, but what I would do, and what I probably will do, this afternoon or tomorrow, is go online, maybe on my phone, and um, like search up ‘cool hiking routes or places’ and that would be, like the Safari app I guess? Interviewer: Yeah. �Interviewee: (sigh) Yeah. I mean- yeah. So- but most of the places I go on campus- like there’s a cemetery that’s like- past WilliamsInterviewer: Yeah. Interviewee: -and I’ll go run, like past thereInterviewer: (laughter) That’s brave. Interviewee: Yeah- I’ve encountered some weird stuff back thereInterviewer: Oh no. Interviewee: -I’ve gotta say. (laughter) It’s been really odd. But um- no I mean I- I never, like took- like used my phone for it like, I just went and explored, just like running like a little bit past where I ran the day before, y’know? Interviewer: Right. Interviewee: Which… Is it safe, is it not safe, we don’t really know. (laughter) Interviewer: You made it here, you’re fine. Interviewee: Yeah, exactly. Interviewer: Okay, so now we’re going to do social media, yay! Interviewee: Woohoo! Interviewer: Okay, so this is like anything that you’ve created; YouTube, Instagram, et. cetera, Google Search history, all of- all of that. Interviewee: Beautiful. Okay. Interviewer: So, what apps or programs do you use to- do you use most to access or produce media? (aside) So basically like, what social media do you use? Interviewee: Okay, so… social media I use most. Um, I guess I use Instagram the- well it- okay it depends what you’re counting as social media. Um, I don’t have the Facebook app on my phone because I… I really hate itInterviewer: It’s awful. Interviewee: Um, but I feel like… it’s kept me a little bit out of the loop which is a little bit stressful but then I guess, I haven’t really felt anything too much just because clubs haven’t started yet. �Interviewer: Mmm-hmm. Interviewee: So, that may… that decision may or may not change. But, I’m happy for now with just looking it up on like, on my computer when and if I need to go look on like, the Emory class page. Interviewer: Right. Interviewee: Um, so, the apps I do use, Snapchat and Instagram. And then Messenger, which is what I- so like, even though I don’t have the Facebook app, I do have the Messenger app, that’s exclusively like the Messages through Facebook, Interviewer: Mmm-hmm. Yeah that’s pretty smart actually. Interviewee: Um, yeah. So, I don’t know if I- I’m not going to count that as social media just because it’s like, its- I’m talking with one personInterviewer: Right. Interviewee: -not, like, posting for a large group. Interviewer: Exactly. Interviewee: Um, which, you could make the same argument about Snapchat, but Snapchat’s… I don’t know- I don’t reallyInterviewer: I mean, Snapchat does have- like you can post your Story so it’s a large group of people instead of just… one-on-one conversationsInterviewee: Yes. Interviewer: -so that makes sense. Interviewee: So, yeah, so social media. I have that, I have SoundCloud as well, which is likeInterviewer: Mmm. Interviewee: I… used to write music, a little bit, andInterviewer: Wow. Interviewee: -post that on Snapchat, and- on- sorry, on SoundCloud, but I have like a… like alike an account that nobody knows I have, so any followers I have on that account don’t know who I am, or don’t know my name. �Interviewer: Smart. Interviewee: Yeah. So, no one I know- no one I know personally knowsInterviewer: Yeah. Interviewee: -that I have that. Interviewer: Exactly. Um, so, what makes you prefer one app over the other? Interviewee: SoundCloud mostly just because it’s like- it’s- it’s what I use to- oh, I forgot VSCO as well that’s a thing. Interviewer: (laughter) Interviewee: So sorry. Um, so, SoundCloud I like because- not because of the app but just because it is like a vehicle through which I like, can express myself and whatever y’know? Interviewer: Yeah. Interviewee: And then VSCO’s kind of the same deal. I don’t post- I don’t have like a big account on there for other people, and I don’t post photos, like mostly of myself; I post like, photos that I… Like, photos that I took of like random things, like random inanimate objects. Interviewer: Right. Interviewee: That I really, I don’t know, that I just like the photos of. So… Interviewer: This is going to sound dumb, but what is VSCO because I don’tInterviewee: Ohhh… Interviewer: -have or know what that is. Interviewee: ...that’s interesting. So, this is like, basically like Instagram, um, it- I don’t really know what else you can do with it, other than- like, I don’t even know- there- I know there’s a feed. I don’t even know how to get to the feed. Interviewer: (laughter) Interviewee: Like, all I do is like, use it to collect photos that I really like, and then like, I have followers on there, but they’re no one I- like, I don’t know them. Interviewer: Right, yeah. �Interviewee: (laughter) At all. So, yeah it’s not like a- I don’t use it as a communication, I use it as just, um, where I go to like, collectInterviewer: All your cool photos. Interviewee: -thoughts- yeah. Interviewer: Okay, that makes sense. Okay cool. Interviewee: So, those, because of like the anonymity I have, through the fact that I don’t know anybody that follows meInterviewer: Yeah. Interviewee: I like those the best. Interviewer: That makes sense. Interviewee: Snapchat and Instagram, if I have something funny to share, then Instagram’s kind of funInterviewer: Yeah. Interviewee: -but other than that, I don’t care. Interviewer: So, what do you use just to like, create media the most? Do you do that, or do you just kind of stay away from that? Interviewee: Well, to create- to create songs I guess, um, SoundCloud. Although I do everything in GarageBandInterviewer: (aside) I love GarageBand. Interviewee: What? Interviewer: I said I love GarageBand. Interviewee: It’s a really great thingInterviewer: It’s really awesome. Interviewee: Like, honestly, like one of my first memories of using it, I would sit down, and like, I- I played violin forInterviewer: Oh wow. �Interviewee: -like, thirteen, fourteen, fifteen years? Interviewer: Whoa. Interviewee: (laughter) I like just- just like finally quit-quit. You know, for the last time? And, I would sit down and like, fidget around with SoundCloud- um, we had a lot of instruments in my house growing up, so- floating around, like, piano, guitar, all that stuff. All the different types of guitars. So I would sit down and like- (laughter) just kind of go wild, likeInterviewer: Right. Interviewee: -creating these weird sound effects, and all those things, and, um, really just kind of like learning GarageBand through exploring and not really likeInterviewer: Yeah. Interviewee: (laughter) -knowing how to do anything. Yeah, I would spend hours and hours and hours. Interviewer: That’s pretty cool. Interviewee: Um, but yeah. Interviewer: Um, so what examples are- of- are s… let me rephrase. Interviewee: Mmm-hmm. (laughter) Interviewer: What are some examples of media that are really important to you? Photos, music, whatever else. Interviewee: Media… yeah, so I guess music. Um, music and… music and photos, but not photos that I’ve like, curated for- to like post on Instagram. Interviewer: Yeah. Interviewee: Like photos, like the ones I was saying for of like- just like me standing. Interviewer: Right. Interviewee: Um, or, inanimate objects, or random things that I’ve likes. Interviewer: Yeah. That’s pretty cool. Um, so, you don’t really like alter any of your photos or anything? Or do you…? Interviewee: Um, if I- okay so I had a- I used to have an Instagram account, like a real Instagram account. Um, but it got hacked- �Interviewer: Mmm. Interviewee: -and I don’t really care about it, so I just kind of letInterviewer: Let itInterviewee: -them have it, so yeah. So, when I had that, I would like, put filters on it, I don’t know, what more- what most people do I guess. Interviewer: Yeah. Interviewee: Um, but now I don’t. I don’t really… Interviewer: Did you just use the Instagram app for that or did you have, like, another…? Interviewee: No, usually I had just the Instagram account- Instagram app, unless I was making like a- like this was more in middle school but sometimes- you know you would make, like, birthday posts for your friendsInterviewer: Yeah! Interviewee: -and you’d use, like the Collage app, to likeInterviewer: I love that app. Interviewee: Yeah. (laughter) Interviewer: Yeah, I know… (laughter) Interviewee: So I’d do that, but like… Interviewer: Um, so, any patterns that you notice in your media use? Interviewee: Um, I definitely go in waves, I- I’m not a crazy consistent person, like, by nature so I think that reflects in my social media use. I, uh, will get kind of really randomly into making music, and posting things on SoundCloud and like, discovering other artists, and then that’ll kind of fade away and I’ll pick up like, VSCO and I’ll take a bunch of photos and do that. And then that will kind of go away, and I’ll kind of live my life and I’ll rediscover SoundCloudInterviewer: Right. Interviewee: -or rediscover VSCO a couple months later... Interviewer: Mmm-hmm. That makes sense. Alright so, what do you use to store your media, any kind of media? Just... �Interviewee: To store… (sigh) I mean my Photos app, um, my Notes; sometimes I’ll store like, collections of, like, thought- random thoughts, I guessInterviewer: Yeah. Interviewee: -or photos or whatever it is, and, um, and kind of in a way SoundCloud and VSCO, as much as they are just to kind of- I feel like they’re mostly just storage for me. Interviewer: Right. Interviewee: Like, yes it is sharing- it’s like a storage that other people can see, but for me it’s like, just storage. Interviewer: Yeah. Interviewee: Like I don’t care if other people see it or not. Interviewer: That makes sense, yeah. Um, so what do you do to like, protect your privacy on social media? Interviewee: Not- not a lot. Obviously, by the fact that my Instagram got hackedInterviewer: (laughter) Yeah… Interviewee: (laughter) -probably, like, I should be doing more. But, um, I don’t really post anything personal on InstagramInterviewer: Yeah. Interviewee: -that I know of. So, not- not a lot. I do have the- like, the PrivacyInterviewer: Settings? Interviewee: -you can’t see my posts unless I, like- we’re friends. Interviewer: Right. Interviewee: Um, and Snapchat is the same way. Although, like, I don’t know, some random people, like, added me on Snapchat and I don’t know who they areInterviewer: I hate when that happens. Interviewee: -and now I’m really uncomfortable so, yeah, so I block them. But yeah, so like, those things, it’s just kind of like on a case-by-case basis; I don’t really make any big preemptive measures to...uh, protect myself. �Interviewer: Yeah. Interviewee: Which, is probably not great. Interviewer: Makes sense. Alright, history time. Yay. Interviewee: (laughter) Interviewer: So, how did you start tech- digital technology? Interviewee: Um, I think that one of the first things I did was, um, I- I think we kind of used them in school intermittently, just, um… like projectors, to go, like we’d have the Elmo… they have those nowInterviewer: Yeah. Interviewee: -but like they had the… the- these, um, projectors on- on wheelsInterviewer: I know exactly what you’re talking about. Interviewee: -that they would bring into the classroom- yeah, um, we would do, like, like, math problems and you had to go up and you’d do a math problem and every- everybody could see on the board. So, that was kind of like the first thing that I can remember. Um, my dad likes to tell me this story where, um, when I was a kid, I- I was like, really, really, really young; I don’t really know how old I was- I was like less than- I was like two or three years old. Interviewer: Mmm. Interviewee: And I, um, had taken all of the- the cassettes- (laughter) Interviewer: (laughter) Interviewee: -this makes me sound old. I had taken all of the cassettes out of the cupboard, and I had like, put them, like, as blocks and made like a little snakeInterviewer: (laughter) Interviewee: -all around the living room. And, I don’t know, my dad was I- my dad was very impressed by thisInterviewer: (laughter) Interviewee: -I don’t really know. Um, so, yeah, so I think that just like- it shows a lot about my personality towards technology that I think has kind of held through. And that is that, like, I don’t really use it in the way it’s sup- intended to be used- �Interviewer: Yeah. Interviewee: -I just kind of co-opt it to… Interviewer: Whatever. Interviewee: ...do my own thing, yeahInterviewer: Right. Interviewee: -whatever kind of suits me. Interviewer: Um, so, of anything- of everything that you’ve described, like, thus far, which was the hardest for you to learn, or to pick up? Interviewee: (sigh) The hardest thing for me to learn, I think, um, the hardest thing for me to learn how to deal with is social media, just because I didn’t really have an interest to go and like actually go explore social mediaInterviewer: Right. Interviewee: -before it became, almost like a social pressure, like social… like necessity to have it, and to like… be really good at it. Interviewer: Right. Interviewee: Um, so that was probably the- the hardest to kind of catch up and like… catch on to. Um, the actual, like, most difficult to figure out how to like, navigate around was um, s- um… uh, GarageBand, just because there’s complicated and I was a lot younger. Interviewer: Right. Interviewee: But it wasn’t something that I didn’t like to do so it didn’t really feel like work to me. Interviewer: What, uh- do you want to explain, like, when and how you started learning these, or…? Interviewee: Um, when I started learning… I think when I was- I must have been maybe fourth or fifth grade when I started with the GarageBand, and I was in seventh grade- um, I had just found GarageBand on my computer- on like, I didn’t have a computer it was like, a PC family computer. Interviewer: Right. �Interviewee: Um, and that was with the GarageBand in fourth or fifth grade. And then when I got older, I had a phone, like I had an iPhone when I was in, I would have been in seventh or eighth grade, and that’s when I caught on to the whole social media thingInterviewer: Yeah. Interviewee: -um, and that didn’t last very long either. Interviewer: Yeah, makes sense. Um, anything you wish you knew how to do on your device? Or just, in general, with digital media? Interviewee: In general? Um, I kind of- not really stuff I wish I knew how to do for myself, but it’s just I really find it interesting to see what things go viral and what things don’t. Interviewer: Right. Interviewee: And it- I don’t know, I feel like it’d be kind of an interesting thing to learn about like, the science behind, um, getting a lot of followers and what people tend to gravitate to. Interviewer: Right. That’s pretty cool. Um, do you think you have, like, enough digital skills to work in, like, a professional context? Interviewee: Um, I think that- ooh, I didn’t- I actually forgot about this. So I actually- my mom is a- is an Angel InvestorInterviewer: Oh, wow. Interviewee: -and she also helps, like, startups. Interviewer: That’s really cool. Interviewee: So- yeah, I mean it’s… I don’t know. Interviewer: (laughter) Interviewee: Um, so she was working with this company that was like, it was like a lingerie company. But like, more, um, like, really laid back, like, clothes you’d wear on like a Sunday morning type thing. Interviewer: Yeah. Interviewee: This company hired her to help them, like, see if- well, we- I- I live on the East Coast, so, um… help them- this is a West Coast company so she was kind of helping them see if there was a really big market on the East Coast. And like, how they would need to, um, kind of, like portray the company- �Interviewer: Right. Interviewee: -on the East Coast if they were going to try to sell. So, um, my mom didn’t really know a lot about social media and she was like, “Sure, just go ahead and try!” So, um, I... was kind of set in charge of, like, figuring out how to market these clothesInterviewer: Wow! Interviewee: -on social media, which was- I didn’t really think- I was like, “Eh, this is going to be fine, I’m like, a sophomore in high school I can do this.” Um, but it’s hard, like, you know? Interviewer: It is really hard. Interviewee: Um, you don’t want to sound too curated; you also don’t want to sound too, uh, like ditzyInterviewer: Yeah. Interviewee: -I don’t really know, it- its- once you start thinking about it too hard you kind of go down a rabbit hole. Um, so… and now I’ve gone off into a tangent I don’t remember your question, sorry! (laughter) What was-? Interviewer: It was, “Do you think you could, like, use digital media in like a professional context?” Interviewee: So, yeah. So I think that like, I probably could, because of that experience, because I know that it’s harder than I thinkInterviewer: Yeah. Interviewee: Yeah. Interviewer: How’d it end up working out? Out of curiosity. Interviewee: Um, it actually worked out pretty well. We did, um, these, uh- like these garage sale type things where you just- we’d like rent out a space or, like, someone’s house or something and just have, like, an open house where people would come in and like, drink wine and eat things and... shop. Interviewer: That’s really cool! Interviewee: And- yeah I mean, the social media kind of worked. I… I-I basically all I did was like, set it up, and then start it a little bit, and then hand it over to the owner of the companyInterviewer: Right. �Interviewee: -and I was like “Look, like, you can go- you can do whatever you want-” (unintelligible) Interviewer: It’ll be fine. Interviewee: She still uses the Instagram, and the InstagramInterviewer: Oh! Interviewee: -like, has a bunch of, like, it’s doing really wellInterviewer: That’s really cool. Interviewee: -but it’s mostly, like, California people, notInterviewer: That is really cool though. I’ve never heard of anybody doing that before. That’s pretty awesome. Interviewee: (unintelligible) (laughter) Interviewer: Um, so, how would you describe someone who you think is ‘digitally literate’? Interviewee: I guess it would be someone that… or who- what I envision is someone that, um, is able to solve problems, kind of with ease… Interviewer: Yeah. Interviewee: ...um, with using social media, or without it. So like I- my grandfather, for example, he, um, I feel like is really soc- like, digitally lit- digitally literate. Um, and it’s kind of interesting to see how my grandmother approaches problems next to my grandfather. Because my grandmother will always go, like, pen and paper approach. Like, she won’t even think to use social media, or think to use any sort of digital technology. Versus my grandfather, um, it’s kind of like, fifty-fifty chance, like, whateverInterviewer: Yeah. Interviewee: -he needs; maybe- maybe it does use whatever but like, he’s able to think of that as an option as wellInterviewer: Right. Interviewer: -just as legitimate an option as any other. Interviewer: Do you think you’re digitally literate? Interviewee: Somewhat. Probably not as much as I should be, but I’m kind of okay with that. �Interviewer: How do you, like- wha- what about you makes you think that? Interviewee: Um, I think that I, while I know- so my- my immediate reaction to a problem- II’m very comfortable using digital media or not using digital media, but I choose to try to use digital media before I’ll use- I mean I- I’m- I try to… aah, sorry, I like, caught myself. Um, I (sigh) will choose to use something other than digital media before I will try to use digital media, just… I don’t know, in protest, I guess. I don’t really know. Interviewer: (laughter) Just to be ornery? Interviewee: Yeah- yeah, I guess. Interviewer: Yeah. I get it. Um, anything else that you want to tell me? Interviewee: Um, uh… (laughter) Interviewer: I know. Interviewee: N-not really? I don’t know. (laughter) I’m just- I guess that’s it. Interviewer: Alright, cool! Well, thank you very much! Interviewee: I- Thank you. (laughter) Interviewer: Awesome! (aside) Alright. Interviewee: (laughter) Alright. � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource 2018 APDH Interviews-Post-1980 Birthdates Oral History A resource containing historical information obtained in interviews with persons having firsthand knowledge. Interviewer The person(s) performing the interview Faith Ford Interviewee The person(s) being interviewed Anonymous Original Format The type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data Transcript Duration Length of time involved (seconds, minutes, hours, days, class periods, etc.) 24 pages State/Province of Residence The state or province in which the interviewee currently resides Georgia, USA State/Province of Birth The state or province in which the interviewee was born Ecuador Five-year birth range The five-year range in which the interviewee was born 1996-2000 Nationalities All nationalities reported by the interviewee Ecuadorian-American Gender Gender identified by the interviewee (female, male, non-binary/third gender) Female Race or ethnicity The interviewee's reported race or ethnicity Hispanic Socioeconomic class The interviewee's reported socioeconomic class (working class, middle class, upper middle class, upper class) Middle Class Main Languages Main languages reported by the interviewee English Occupation College Student Length of digital device access The length of time the interviewee has had access to any digital device (computer, mobile phone, gaming system, etc.) 11 years Age of regular digital device acess The age the interviewee first owned or had regular in-home access to a digital device of some sort (computer, mobile phone, gaming system, etc.) 5 years old Coding/markup languages Coding or markup languages with which the interviewee reports familiarity N/A Device Type Type of device the interviewee chose to be interviewed about. Cellphone Device Make and Model The make and model of the device the interviewee chose as particularly significant for them. iPhone 7 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Interview with a First-Year Ecuadorian-American College Student About Her Use of Digital Technology Description An account of the resource Interview #8 - Post-1980 Birthdate Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Oxford College of Emory University Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource September 2018 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource Adobe PDF Language A language of the resource English Apple college student Ecuadorian-American iPhone post-1980 birthdate https://apdh.oxomeka.org/files/original/95bca64498a12d7ba16f93a0599a0762.png 52f763eb498593775af2ecd7639e2345 https://apdh.oxomeka.org/files/original/4f9ca6309df5da91a233558b5950d95d.pdf 57a01491f66f1f3e0060b3e60eec5641 PDF Text Text An Interview with a Taiwanese-American College Student About Her Use of the Apple Watch Archive of Personal Digital History Interview #11 - Post-1980 Birthdate September 23, 2018 Introduction: This is an oral history interview with N, a Taiwanese-American female, currently studying at Oxford College of Emory University. Since my interviewee decided to use a pseudonym, I respected her decision and gave her the pseudonym of N. The interviewee discussed the relationship of technology between the social and digital interactions one may experience by using the specific type of technology. Technology use differs from one person to another, and so N drew on her specific experiences and how she viewed the device that she regularly used in her life. Thus, the interview expands our understanding of what “digital literacy” means to different people. This interview started after the briefing of informed consent and background intake, as well as, the overview of the interview. Transcript: D: Hello, my name is D, and I'm going to your interviewer. Very nice to meet you! Okay, so in this interview, I'm going to ask you to give me a tour on your digital device---on the digital device that is significant to you---that you use it regularly. And as you mentioned before, you wanted to use your Apple Watch. N: Um, yeah. D: Um—if you don't mind, can I take a picture of your device? N: (Nod and show watch) D: (Take picture) Okay, thank you. Um, so tell me a little bit about this device. Why do you choose this device, really? N: �Um—so I chose this device because it's the device that I have with me most often. Because it's a watch, I have—I just put it on my arm. I don't really think about it. And I kind of just goes through the day. And I’m—oh, sorry, before having this though, I didn't really check my phone that often because I turned off all my notifications. Because I just don’t—I feel like it kind of— it’s kind of annoying. But then I also—it prevents me from being—but from like, being connected to my friends them— because I'm not able to use social media as often. But then having this watch is really helpful. Because the notification can just pop up, and then since it's on my arm, it kind of—it prompts me to kind of just check it naturally. So it's, yeah, I can reply to my friends faster now. So yeah. D: Really cool. Okay, so, uh, you tell me before that, you know, you do more thing, like with your watch. So I'm gonna ask you like, what Apple programs really, that you use your device for? N: Hmm. Um, I usually use the—the two devices—I mean the two apps that I use the most on my Apple Watch are the phone one just because—um— because it's hands-free. So I can be multitasking like doing something while also talking to my parents or my friends or something like that. And then the second device I use the most is—it’s like activities tracker. So it tracks all my steps like a pedometer would do. It tracks—like—my heartbeat rate, and it tracks how much exercise I'm getting. So that way, I can try to live a more healthy lifestyle. D: Wow, that's really cool! Yeah, so about the two that you mentioned before, which—which of those are the most important to you? N: Um—I think the most important is probably the activity tracker. Because that's kind of how I gauge whether or not I'm living a more healthy lifestyle every day. For example, during the summer when I was working, I didn't really exercise that much, so it will kind of reminds me reminders that I have to exercise. So that would really help keep me on track to make sure that I do everything I need to to be more healthy, I guess. Yeah and then also, because it's a watch, you know, I usually just check the time. It's really convenient compared to checking the time on my phone and stuff. Yeah. D: Well, that's very intuitive. Um—what are the pattern that you notice in your activities and roles of the places that your device play? N: Yeah. I got you. Oh, well, usually when the good thing about the watch the watch is like, you know, the screen that I have. So the screen, you can actually change different into different kinds of screens. But the reason I stick with the screen the most is because it has the activity tracker and the heartbeat checker on here. And it also has the weather, which is really nice, in case I want to look at it. Um, so the pattern that I notice is that every time I check my watch for the time, I also can just conveniently check how much I—I have been active today. So I guess that's �kind of the role that my device plays in the activities that I use. Because like, if I just if I go like this, then I can just automatically see my active the activities that I'm doing. Are they kind of out by us? I guess so. Okay. Does that make sense? D: Yeah. Okay. It's very cool. So what other important activities that your default device doesn't reflect upon? N: Um, most—I guess, the most important to learn, I know that my device doesn't reflect on social media and texting. So this one, I can—I can text from it, like, I can do messenger, Facebook Messenger, and those kinds of things. But I prefer not to unless it's very urgent because it's even it doesn't have a keyboard. It's either you speak into it, or you have to write it out. So that's one of the things I don't really do on my watch, and then also another thing with social media, I can't really check social media with this because it's too small. So that's another thing that it's not reflecting on my device. Yeah. D: Oh, really? Cool. So on to the next part, I'm going to ask you—I’m going to ask you about you know, how you interact with the people. Do you have any kind of interaction activity with people recorded on your devices? Like your text messages, your email, your social media interactions, or your video calls? And if you don't mind can you show me some of them? N: (Showing watch) Yeah, so I, um the most apps I use the most well this-this is kind of like the watch is connected to my phone. So all the texts messages I have, or the recent call that how they're all on my phone. So you can see here, so usually, I just call my parents. It's really—I mean, I don't really use my phone unless it's like calling my parents and then because my friends I usually just text them. But um, yeah, so the app that I used the most to communicate with other people is probably my phone on the Apple Watch. D: Thank you. We kind of like the opposite of each other. What other important interactions with people that are not reflected and in the information on your devices? N: Hmm. Um, well, like I said, before, social media text messages, I usually check on my phone. But other than that, I personally, I prefer face to face interaction over text messages—text messaging just because I think it's easier to get tone across. It's also like, when I'm talking to people I like having conversations with them, rather than sending a text and then getting a text back. And then it's kind of feel like it's kind of more authentic when it's face to face. So usually, the most important interactions I have are actually in person and not really on any devices. D: �Good! Good! So for the next section, I'm going to ask you about the places that your devices may interact with. Do you have any kind of navigational apps or any kind of mapping or your calendar on your—on your devices that you often used? N: Right. Um, well, for location, I don't really use the mouse on this-this watch because again, the screen is kind of small. Um, but it is linked to the Find My iPhone because my parents use my iPhone to track where I am, just to make sure I'm safe. You know, so I have that on my phone. I also have my watch, on my laptop so they can know like, where—where I am. Um, and then also, my phone has a feature where you can ping your phone to find it in case you lose it. So I use this for that too, because I lose my phone very easily. That’s—that’s also why I like chose to like my watch. Because like, it's it's always on me. It's it's harder to lose, I guess, compared to my phone. But yeah, and then and then. Sorry, it was all calendar Oh, for the calendar, I usually there's events that I sometimes I've planned events on my phone. And then because the phone and the watch are connected they send automatic notifications to my watch whenever the event is getting close by. So that's how I track events on my calendar. But usually I just use a planner like a physical planner just because it's easier for me to visualize. D: That's very cool! What patterns do you notice in places you visit and your movement from place to place to place? N: I noticed that I tend to stay in one place a lot. Um, for example, like if my parents—my parents usually see that I'm at Oxford college. So weekdays I'm usually I'm just at Oxford and then only on weekends, I really go out. That’s kind of how I was at home to like thing, we didn't really go anywhere. So my location, it's just—it just stays in one place. And then on weekdays they know I go like usually like Atlanta, and then it goes back. I don't know. Is that like a pattern does not going to answer the question? D: Yeah, of course! You know, you mostly, you know, focus on your study during weekdays. N: Yeah, but like, I noticed that the place I go the most is the library. Yeah, yeah. So there's that. But yeah, I don't really record like, I'm kind of like you like, I don't really besides Find My iPhone. I don't allow any other things to track my phone. I'm only—only thing is like Google Maps. But for that one. I usually I—I put it on while using app like, track my location while using app so when I'm not using the out. I don't allow it to. Kind of like I'm paranoid of—like the people tracking stuff. Yeah, so. D: It's very normal, actually. Yeah. So how do you first learn to navigate to new locations? Do you use that device or use something else? �N: Hmm. I usually memorize landmarks, at back home. I so—I’ll just wherever my parents are driving, I kind of just look. Oh, I see. This is CVS. And then this is. So when I talk about going somewhere. I imagine what is around that place. And then from there, I kind of discern where I'm supposed to go from a certain part. But it's very bad way. Like after starting to drive, I realized it's much easier to just learn street names, because that's when— when driving, like driving is a lot different than like walking somewhere, I guess. But yeah, like, it's easier to memorize street names. So I'm learning to navigate new locations. I guess first I learned by like, seeing visualizing locations, kind of seeing—seeing visually seeing where each places in.Yeah. D: That’s very cool! You have—you have much better application of skills. N: And I still—I still need help discerning like north, east, south west, so it's really hard. D: I think that is where navigational apps came in handy. N: Yeah, definitely! D: So, um what important places or navigational practices are not reflected in information on your device? N: Um, I think like I said before, probably just how I learned to navigate—yeah. Like, also, when I go to amusement parks and stuff, the way I usually navigate is—I just look at the map, and then I look at the pictures, and then I just see which picture matches up with which are building so yeah. D: Yeah, okay. In this section, that it would be a little bit more fun, I guess. Because talking about—start to talk about social media in general. Like, what do you usually do on your devices like social media posts, texts, videos, music, maybe shows, and so on, so forth. So could you name some programs that you able to accessed using your devices? N: Um, for my Apple Watch, I usually used the music app, because I'm sometimes—I have. So I use—I use these kind of earbuds. So they're wireless. So because they're wireless, sometimes I just have my earbuds and I don't really have my phone with me because I tried to keep my phone as far away as possible when I'm doing work, just so I don't get distracted easily. So my watch is also connected to the music app. So if I do want to skip a song, or change the volume of it, I usually just use the watch to skip or that kind of thing. So that was I say, that's the most media centered app I use on my boy, I also it's also connected to text messages. So sometimes, �occasionally, if I don't have my phone with me, I'll just answer the text message really quickly on my watch, too, because it's easier that way. So yeah, those are the two that I used the most. D: I didn't know that the Apple Watch has that kind of feature as well. Yeah, really cool! So can you give me some examples of the media that you’ve produced or altered in some way? N: Um, well, on my Apple Watch, I can’t really produce or alter any media, so I guess the only thing is altering to like—if I defined skipping music as altering— I guess it could be like that. But usually I create media on my—my laptop, like I make videos and stuff, but it's mostly on my laptop. Yeah. D: That's good! What pattern do you noticed in your media used? N: Um, I noticed that I don't really use media, unless I'm aware of it. So I'm not—and I'm usually not aware of it unless there's like, a notification that pops up or something like that. Yeah. D: Yeah! Tell me about your strategy for storing your media. N: Hmm. Well, I used Spotify for music the most, so Spotify is like— it's more—it’s connected to the internet. So it's not necessarily stored on any of my devices. It's just I go to the app, and then the app has all the music on it. D: Yes. And what are some ways that you share your media with others? N: Hmm… D: Do you—were you able to share any types of things? N: Um, not really—no, I guess the only thing is really text messages, If I don't have my phone with me, um… which is kind of often, I guess. Because I have the watch, it really does everything a phone does. Sometimes I'll just show—sh—show someone a text message I have, just like on the watch was just really easily. So I guess that's how I share with others. Um…just visually, I guess. And then also in terms of social media, I use mostly just like Instagram, Snapchat, and then I don't really post, but I just—if there something that comes up occasionally. Oh, yeah— D: �But are those Instagrams— N: Oh, no, they're not on my watch. Yeah, yeah. D: But are they like—connected? Like a notification connected? N: No, I didn't connect it. Because that one is too much. The only thing that's connected is like text messages. D: Oh okay, thank you for clarifying! N: Hmm. D: What other—ah—tell me about any strategies you have—you may have for protecting your privacy with your media usage? N: Hmm. So for—the phone, oh, well, the watch and the phone, they both have something on a TMobile, which is my carrier. They have a thing where they try to block out messages, I mean, try to block callers that are spam call—they might think are spam callers. So that's one way I can protect my privacy with like text messages and also phone usage. And then in terms of social media, my Instagram is on private, so I don't like yeah, and then my Facebook is like, also kind of, it's like, there's like a setting where you if you're not—if you're not friends with someone, you see less things about them so that I have that too. And then also on my Snapchats—Snapchat is just—it’s a really private in general is just because you only have a username, and then you have to know that person's username in order to have their Snapchat so yeah, so it's like—I guess those are the stories. D: What important media that are not reflected in the information on your devices? For example, you may read newspapers or magazines, listen to the radio, watch TV, go to the movies or play video games or you may not be involved in or you may be involved in creating such media. N: Hmm. I’m—the most important media that are not reflected in my—in information on my device is I have a YouTube channel and I create videos. So that's the most important media I guess. I don't really—it’s not—It’s not like really good. It's just for fun because I'm not that great. I'm �making videos—it’s just like something I yeah, something I do for fun. It's really—it’s really— it’s like distressing, I guess. Also the video I made is like on trips that I went to in the past. So it's really nice going back to my YouTube channel and just want rewatching them for that feeling of nostalgia. And then I don’t—ah—ah—I guess—ah also. Yeah, so that would be the question media portion. And then um…some— when I go to the supermarket, (laughter) I usually get a magazine and then I read it while I'm at the supermarket. And afterwards, I returned the magazine (laughter). So that’s—so that’s—it's not really important, I guess. But it’s—it's a way for me to stay connected with the news, I guess. The latest gossip that's going around (laughter) yeah, that kind of stuff. D: Yeah, I’m completely understand that. N: Yeah. D: I found that you using YouTube to create something is really cool. And of course, you could only do it on a computer or some bigger—um—devices. N: Yeah. Yeah. D: Um, so this section is about you, and how you learn—using digital technology. And so the big question is how did you—how did you start using the digital technology? How has your relationship with it changed over time? N: Sorry. Okay. Okay. Um—so I started using digital technology when I was around five. So I that was 13 years ago. ( Checking my recording) Oh, is this it still on? D: Yeah. N: Okay, cool. Cool. Um, yeah—so that's how I really got into digital technologies before it was really just a source of entertainment. But it's really grown to become ver— like, not just entertainment—a tool I'm able to use to, firstly, mostly connect with people and do social media. And then secondly—um—kind of, it's a way to—for me to just de-stress like, by making videos or listening to music, that kind of thing. Um, so—but so, yeah, it's really grown. And I think that’s—so that's kind of how my relationship with that has changed over time. And I saw the— the way I started. Oh, yeah, so—so I had a Gameboy—a advanced Gameboy. And then, so yeah—so my first interactions with digital technology was mostly media, I mean, was mostly entertainment. Sorry. So like, learning the controls. That was really helpful, because I noticed a lot of video games I played after the Game Boy, have the same controls like, up, down—side, �left, right, and then jumping. There's always one button for jumping one button for running or attacking or something like that. And so—um—my skills for u—for playing on the game were really helped transition for like Wii or DS or that kind of thing. Um, but in terms of digital technology, such as phones, I didn't get my first phone until I was about 13, which is like, sixth grade-ish, seventh grade. Um… and so that was—that wasn't that big of a shock, actually, because I feel like as a young kid, I just played with my parents’ phone (laughter). D: Yeah (laughter). N: Through that I was really able to develop the skills for using social media is helpful and the kind of things.Yeah. D: Um—um the activities you have just described so far, which were the most complex to you—for you to learn? N: Mmm hmm…(thinking) Well, on my Apple Watch, I say the most complex to learn is texting. Because—um—even when I have my ph—even before I had my Apple watch—I—the, you know, the iPhone, it has the Siri function, but I didn't really use that just because I didn't really feel comfortable (laughter) using it. D: Yeah. N: I don't know—I—just because I know that sometimes Siri hears things wrong. So for me, like the text me—using text messages on my phone that was the most—I mean, on my watch. Sorry, that was the most complex thing to learn. And I think what made it the most complex was probably because the screen was so small. So the only options you really have are to say it, and then they'll send it to for you. And then sometimes they hear it wrong which is kind of hard, so I had to speak really clearly for that. And then also you can write it down, which is, but that's like letter by letter. So, um, what makes it so complex I guess. It's just that—it’s inconvenient to use my watch, but it's, it's kind of contradicting for me to say that it's inconvenient, but it's also convenient (laughter) because it's inconvenient—because of the way the text you have the way you have to send text messages. But it's convenient for looking at text messages. So yeah… D: Yeah. Yeah. Of course. Um—oh, what context do you used your device for: informational, personal academics or civic and public use? N: �Um, it's mostly personally use just answering text messages, whether it's for myself, friends, or from my family. Yeah. D: Um, can you tell me about when and how you learn to complete these complex activities? N: Mm hmm. Um, well, for—(coughing) for the I went—for the wa—watch—Apple Watch. I—I think I learned how to complete them in when I first got it. Because when I first got I was really excited, so I just explored all the different apps that they had, and then how I can use each app. And how I learned to complete these complex activities was my parents—they wanted me to test it out, so they just sent me a text message, and then I would have to try to send it back to them. And then I just use—um, well, yeah, so like, because I wasn't used to using Siri. At first I kind of spoke just like words, and then—but then sometimes they're wrong, so I had to redo them. And then gradually, I guess through trial and error, I would—I learned what was the best way to get—ah—to—to write—have the right words I wanted texted back to my friend. D: Yes. Yeah, of course. Um…so can you tell me about any activity you wish you knew how to complete with your devices? N: Hmm. Um, I think the one—one thing I knew—I wish I knew how to complete was the—the app it has a—it has—a—it has a… It's a (searching on Apple Watch) oh, here. It's called the workout app. D: Oh! N: So it—like—it helps you work out. So it's like a personal trainer. But like a watch personal trainer. D: Ah-hmm. N: So there's like a bunch of different things that you can do with it, and then they'll just track like, how well you do it, and then also—like—how many calories you burn and um, yeah, I wish I knew how to use it. Or I wish—I yeah. I wish I knew how to use it because I feel like it'd be very helpful for me for exercising. D: Why will you not know—do you— N: �—Oh, I just— D: —not able to use it before or it’s just…(gesturing) N: I don't know. I feel like—um—well for my workouts where usually—I just did Dragon Boat workouts because I'm in Dragon Boat. And then so I just did whatever the coach told me to do. D: Ah-huh. N: So that he was kind of like my personal trainer (laughter), I guessed. Not personal like, group trainer, I guess. But then now that season ended. I feel like I don't really know how to actively pursue (pondering)— D: —the correct type of exercise. N: Yeah, so that's why I don't really use it. But it is one of the apps that I would like to use more often because I feel like definitely help keep track of how well I'm doing with my exercises. Yeah. D: Yeah. Of course! Okay, so what what are you really missing in order to learn how to complete it—did I just asked you? N: Oh, no, no, I think no—this is a good question. Um, mostly just—just motivation—motivation to work out. Yeah (laughter). D: Do you feel you have the digital skills to operate effectively in a professional context? How so? Can you tell me about how you gauging that? N: Hmm. Um…I think that I do have the digital skills to operate efficiently or effectively. Sorry, because I am—I kind of grew up with digital technologies. So I know the basic stuff that is necessary to—to—to work in a—because like to work like using Microsoft Word, Microsoft Excel, those kinds of things and email to reply to people. So in terms of the professional context, I think that I am competent—I hope—I hope that I am competent enough. Umm, sorry…(my phone rang) D: No, no. It’s fine. �[Interruption. A phone call] D: Sent a message to me—to her real quick. Okay, sorry, let's just go on. I'm sorry. N: No, you're good. You're good (paused for a while). D: Umm…so…(waiting) N: Oh, sorry. What are you gonna say? D: I was going to ask you like—can you continue what you're saying before— N: —oh, no, no, you're good. Um, yeah, I think I'm done. Like, yeah, I know—I—I hope—I hope so yeah, I'm hope—I hope I'm competent enough to use—I can definitely—ah—basic like in terms of what people usually need for professional workplace. I think I know, like, I just need to be taught the more specific things that the work might specialize in. D: Yeah. Yes, of course! So in your personal context, you feel like you do—you feel like you have enough knowledge about it? N: Um, yeah. I think I—I—you—I have enough skills to use the things that I need to use in my personal life. Yeah. D: How about your academic life? N: Um, I think so. Because academically, we usually only use—at least in the classes I'm in right now, we use like canvas and we use email. And that's it, for the most part. And I think that those sites are pretty straightforward. So it's been pretty easy to use so on so forth. D: So how about in a civic and or public context? N: Um, I— I'm not sure. I think I think that—because—because like the public might know, they have—they might have different kinds of expectations for what digital—what digital skills are �required, or, like, required or a necessity for people to have. I don't feel like I am that digitally skill to operate effectively in a public context. D: Yeah. It is understandable. How would you describe someone who is digitally literate? What is your criteria or that person? N: Yeah. yeah. I think for someone to be digitally literate, they just have to—um—well, when I think of the term literate, I just think of someone who knows how to read a book and being able to read a book. I feel like it's very basic. So being digitally literate, I feel like it's just knowing the basics of how to use the digital technology. Um, well, but in terms of, you know, using advanced technology, I feel like that's different. Just like, how it's different for—like—how it's different being literate compared to knowing how to read and analyze like, a very advanced book. D: Yes, of course. Um, what do you consider yourself digitally literate? If so, how did you learn to be digitally literate? N: Hmm. Yeah, I think based on like, the definition, I just gave, like, very basic digital stuff I'm able to do and I think—I think it just came with a society I grew up in—I grew up in America, so I kind of as, like a first world country, you kind of have to keep up with everything, or else you're kind of you’re—you're behind because everyone else is always, you know, buying the newest technologies, that kind of thing. And so growing up here, it's easy to get caught up in kind of, or like, learn about technology. D: Yes. Mm hmm. Any other additional information that you would like to share with me? N: Oh, no, I think that's good. Yeah. D: Thank you for your time (laughter). Yeah, definitely (handshake and laughter). � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource 2018 APDH Interviews-Post-1980 Birthdates Oral History A resource containing historical information obtained in interviews with persons having firsthand knowledge. Interviewer The person(s) performing the interview D (pseudonym) Interviewee The person(s) being interviewed N (pseudonym) Original Format The type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data Transcript Duration Length of time involved (seconds, minutes, hours, days, class periods, etc.) 13 pages State/Province of Residence The state or province in which the interviewee currently resides Georgia, USA State/Province of Birth The state or province in which the interviewee was born California, USA Five-year birth range The five-year range in which the interviewee was born 1996-2000 Nationalities All nationalities reported by the interviewee Taiwanese-American Gender Gender identified by the interviewee (female, male, non-binary/third gender) Female Race or ethnicity The interviewee's reported race or ethnicity Asian Socioeconomic class The interviewee's reported socioeconomic class (working class, middle class, upper middle class, upper class) Middle Class Main Languages Main languages reported by the interviewee English, Mandarin Chinese Occupation College Student Length of digital device access The length of time the interviewee has had access to any digital device (computer, mobile phone, gaming system, etc.) 13 years Age of regular digital device acess The age the interviewee first owned or had regular in-home access to a digital device of some sort (computer, mobile phone, gaming system, etc.) Since birth Coding/markup languages Coding or markup languages with which the interviewee reports familiarity N/A Device Type Type of device the interviewee chose to be interviewed about. Apple Watch Device Make and Model The make and model of the device the interviewee chose as particularly significant for them. Apple Watch Series 3 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource An Interview with a Taiwanese-American College Student About Her Use of the Apple Watch Description An account of the resource Interview #11 - Post-1980 Birthdate This is an oral history interview with N, a Taiwanese-American female, currently studying at Oxford College of Emory University. Since my interviewee decided to use a pseudonym, I respected her decision and gave her the pseudonym of N. The interviewee discussed the relationship of technology between the social and digital interactions one may experience by using the specific type of technology. Technology use differs from one person to another, and so N drew on her specific experiences and how she viewed the device that she regularly used in her life. Thus, the interview expands our understanding of what “digital literacy” means to different people. This interview started after the briefing of informed consent and background intake, as well as, the overview of the interview. Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Oxford College of Emory University Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource September 2018 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource Adobe PDF Language A language of the resource English Apple Apple Watch college student Taiwanese-American https://apdh.oxomeka.org/files/original/dd2c32ff18c7a8f9766e0b9efaf093db.JPG 2b305871c36df8b9ad57c45f1858232e https://apdh.oxomeka.org/files/original/97f090e270b9469c815cea7e646f6984.pdf fbeed48ebb3c4c368321bbb0eafa285b PDF Text Text 1 “It's just a matter of having the whole world in my hand rather than just however much a cartographer can fit on a piece of paper” Archive of Personal Digital History Interview #5 - Post-1980 Birthdate September 21, 2018 Introduction This interview was between two first-year Oxford College of Emory University students in the beginning of the 2018 school year. Both people were born between 1999-2004 and are considered digital natives. DC was raised in Louisiana while Kate grew up in Florida. The purpose of this interview is to examine and catalog digital use by people who grew up exposed to technology and to reflect on the affects that technology has on our lives. Transcript DC: Hey Ms. Taylor in this interview I wanted to ask you to take me on a guided tour of your phone...well not specifically your phone but a digital device that is really significant to you and you told me earlier that you would like to use your phone. So, I want you to review your activities during the past month like calendar entries, text messages, phone calls, emails, websites, and social media interactions and just tell me how you interact with people on it; the places you go and the ways you use it, you can decide what to comment on and what to ignore and you can decide when to decide when to show an example by showing to me on your device. You do not have to do these things and you can stop any time you want. You should only share things you are comfortable with and please don't share anything illegal or information that would compromise the privacy of another person. Don't use other people's names, refer to them as a friend, coworker, family member, something like that; and if you are going to show any type of text message or communication don't show anything that could compromise their privacy like their name that is on top because they have not been able to consent to this. So, before we begin do you have any questions? Kate: No sir DC: Are you ok if I take a picture of your device? Kate: go ahead -------silence while I take the picture------- �2 DC: Okay so first off, can you tell me why you chose this device? Kate: so my phone is pretty much the epicenter for everything that happens in my life. So I keep track of pretty much everything I do digitally nowadays because I have the capability of doing so and my phone is just more convenient to carry around than a laptop say. Even though I'm also very addicted to my laptop and connected on one or the other, I just happen to prefer my phone. DC: Yeah, that makes sense. So to begin, I just want to broadly talk about your activities with you. I want to ask you to look through your device and see if you have any records of what activities you do during your life. Like, things on your calendar app or to do list or invitations to events you've gotten through social media or maybe you have a journal app that you write journals on. So what apps or programs if any do you use to plan and coordinate your activities? Kate: Well I think the easiest place to start would be with the app I do not use to coordinate my activities and that is the calendar app. So I feel like I am the only person in the world who despises Apple's calendar app and how to use it. So instead I tend to use the notes app because it gives me a more consolidated list view of things and I can constantly change it rather than having to go through three or four screens to figure out what I am going to do in a day and not be able to change it when I need to. So I use my notes app for pretty much everything. I tend to have a daily schedule at the top and then I sort of have an overview schedule lower that has events I need to look out for in the future, but funnily enough I still use an old fashion planner to keep track of my school assignments and when things are due because I find it very gratifying to cross out assignments when I'm done with them rather than delete them with a touch of a button, I don't know why that feels so good. ---as she talks she shows me a note that is just full of events and seems to scroll down forever--- DC: Yeah, I can understand that feeling of just scratching off your to-do list. Okay so, also based on what you see what are your main activities and of these main activities which one is the most important to you? Kate: So most important to me right now is currently, the um Oxford fall theatre production, I spend a lot of time in Tarbutton working on um the production that we are doing. I 've made a lot of friends in theatre thus far but the rehearsal schedule is very testing so I am there probably ten to twelve hours a week and that very reflected in my schedule and I pretty much have to work everything else around that, um, my other big passion is creative writing but that is something I �3 can do more on my own terms or I often do it for class so it’s often less of a concern for me to be able to fit that in because I can work it around whatever else I'm doing. DC: Would you say that your production is that the most important to you or the most enjoyable? Kate: It’s honestly a great combination of both, not only is it a fun thing for me but it is something I can see myself doing for the rest of my life. So, in a way, I've found a passion that is both enjoyable to me and important to me and it makes me want to sort of pour my soul into it when the opportunity comes up. DC: That is something that doesn't happen very often. So just looking at your notes that you have laid out for the next week or day or so what patterns do you notice in what you're doing? Kate: A lot of theatre. ---some chuckles--- a lot of theatre over the course of the next month, because the show premieres on oct 18th so we have less than a month to get this thing up right now; so there’s a lot of stress going on with that but also homework things like that, but then again I told you that’s more reflected in my planner than it is on my phone. DC: Okay so, you already kinda touched on this, talking about homework and how much you love creative writing but is there other things that are important that are not reflected on this list? Kate: Um both of those things that you just said and just overall um in terms of my activities those are the big ones so pretty much everything else happens on my device, but I do also enjoy reading when I have the leisure time so if I happen to have um a couple hours free I will often go to the library and pick up a book. But, I’m also equally disposed to long on to a fan works contributing site such as archiveofourown.com and just sit there reading fanfiction. So, its sorta a toss-up as to how I’m feeling that day. DC: Ah having a guilty pleasure is fine. okay so, next I want to talk about the people you talk to and you communicate with thro this device. So can you look through whatever record you have to see what people you’ve talked to how you talk to them like skype, facetime, social media or text messages, even emails. And so I want to remind you again to use roles and relationship names instead of their actual names. and I just want to start off by asking you what apps do you use to communicate? �4 Kate: So iMessage is the big one because that is the first one I learned how to use and it was the first thing that I often communicate with my friends on because I get the most clear notifications for iMessage. For some reason my Instagram dms and snapchat and some of my other notifications sorta go over my head, but with the double buzz of the iPhone I know when someone has texted me and I know when I need to respond right away. So if you have any desire to get into contact with me texting is also the way you are going to get the quickest response, but I’m also very um I’m also very um diligent with my emails so I often answer those very quickly as well especially during the school day. Um but I also tend to use Instagram to Instagram and not really Tumblr as much but Instagram to send memes and funnies and things that I think are amusing to my friends because it’s easier than taking a screenshot and texting it than to just hit the button that says share with friend. I thought I was going to use snap more than I did when I got it and I used it a lot when it was new but now a days the newness has sorta rubbed off and I really only use it when I want to post in my story to show people what I’m doing, but the reality of it is I’m either in the theatre or doing homework so not a lot goes in that story very often. DC: So, you’ve already mostly answered this but is there anything, patterns such as like who your talking to and when you’re talking to them that you can notice by looking at your past records? Kate: well as of right now I don’t really text a lot of people here at Emory because I see so many people at Oxford like every 5 seconds so I often don’t feel the need to text somebody unless I’m meeting up with them because I know I will see them at some point with in the next 48 hours because campus is small and half the time you know where people live so you just inevitably run into them. But I text my friends from home and FaceTime especially my friends from home very often. I think I might be driving my roommate a little bit crazy, but I do use headphones when I am on FaceTime with friends from home because it’s often a lot of reminiscing and missing each other but um I know being here is a great thing and a great opportunity. So, I am absolutely enjoying myself but sometimes a little reminder from where you came from is a very nice way to end the night. DC: Yeah just because just cause you’re like separated doesn’t mean those relationships need to end; just because we are at college now. Kate: That’s one of the greatest things about technology is it not? DC: Yeah, they really let you connect to people that are far apart. It doesn’t matter. So, you already said that you don’t really talk to your classmates or text message them as much because you are going to see them anyway, are there any other interactions that aren’t reflected here? �5 Kate: Not particularly I think the only people I ever call anymore – lets see – I do enjoy calling people so pretty much if I'm talking to friends it'll be a FaceTime call because we you like to see each other but my mom is completely inept at FaceTime because I don't know I don't think she knows how to hold the camera so… when I'm calling my mom and dad I always just use regular phone but other than that it's just a lot of FaceTiming between me and my friends. DC: So now I want to move on to places you’ve been and I want to ask you to look through and see what records you have of where you've been and went during the past month, like example on your calendar and mapping applications or location services if you have that turned on in the phone or cell phone tracking app such as the Fitness ones so I can you start off by telling me if your device has any tracking apps, which apps or programs you have, or that have any record of the places you've been? Kate: so I actually keep my location service because I feel because I feel like I our phones know enough about us they don't need to know where I am on a day-to-day basis but I do track occasionally by taking pictures because Apple sort of does it automatically, but genuinely most of the time my location is off and I'm not sharing my location with other people I think I might make an exception if I ever happened to be meeting somebody that I don't know or something like that because then I would be able to share location with a friend so they can keep keep watch on me and make sure that I wasn't in a situation that was potentially dangerous. I think that’s a very good usage of locations services when enabled and when done correctly but I don't really think it needs to be on every day of my life life; as for photos… I really have not left campus much at all because I've been very busy and without a car is very hard to get around here but there have been a lot of fun things on campus so I haven't really felt compelled to go anywhere. It would just be nice to have the freedom to to leave when I want to. DC: So, you talk about your photos and how they track it and everything, but do you use any apps that when you going somewhere new to like scope out the location to find where you're going? Kate: I love using Google Maps when I'm driving but without a car that doesn't really have the application here anymore, but I love using the Yelp app, I am an avid Yelper and I love to leave five star or one star reviews on places when I've been there to help other people decide if it's a place they really want to go so if I have particularly bad service watch out because I will roast you on Yelp – but if you have really good service to I will write you a glowing recommendation if there is not one has been written for such a place. �6 DC: Has there been any places in Oxford that you've left these reviews in? Kate: I actually have not left any places here yet but I have had, I do it very frequently when I'm thinking about it but when I don't then, so often over the summer I'll do quite a quite a few reviews but during the school year I don't tend to do it as much because it takes time to write a review that's very that that’s concise and thoroughly sums up everything I think. I think I do it over the summer because I miss writing essays. ------we both share a small laugh------ Kate: I know I’m a weirdo DC: At least you leave genuine comments on those reviews. So, can you see looking at any of that but there's any patterns and where you visit you already said but you really don't leave the campus since you got here but before you came here were there any patterns of where you would go? Kate: Oh, absolutely so I would often find myself at Starbucks or in my hometown we have Starbucks on like every corner so it was rare if you caught me without coffee or not on the way to get coffee I also loved getting manicures and pedicures so that was something I often spent my money and time on … um I can't really think of any other things the other than school and home my car did have quite a few miles, but it was it was mostly trekking back and forth to school multiple times a day. DC: So, you said that when you're driving you used google maps but what were your first experiences with learning how to navigate new places what did you first learn? Kate: Well I know that for my hometown I sort of just learned by looking up and I kind of did it based on landmarks rather than maps because I am not very good at maps. One significant moment where I really did learn how to use the map was on the several times when I had visited New York with my dad. So Manhattan has a grid system so it was one of the easiest places for me to learn how to use a paper map because my dad felt it was important that I learn such a skill in case we ever had the apocalypse or something when phones would go away. DC: So, New York might be one of those places but are there any other important places where your navigational practices weren't reflected other than the paper maps in New York? �7 Kate: Really other than that if I'm going somewhere new I often look up walking instructions on google maps because for me it's pretty much the same thing as a paper map I don't actually listen to the Siri instructions very much when I'm walking I often just look at the map and it sort of orient myself it's just a matter of having the whole world in my hand rather than just however much a cartographer can fit on a piece of paper. DC: Okay and so does next section is one of the biggest because especially for our age group is one of the most used and so this section is media and I want to ask you to look through and see what records you have of media such as TV shows, videos, music, photos, games, any type of media, text posts or likes; maybe stories you’ve written that you’ve created or distributed in the past month this can be any app that is social media or entertainment media, news sources also if you have any of those and so just based on these media on sources what do you see on your device and what apps do you use the most to access and produce media? Kate: so I will be the first to admit that I was late to the social media game I did not have an iPhone until I was 13 at the very least I have some sort of flip phone before that but genuinely I did not have any access to social media until I was older and I think it was by design that my parents kept me away from things like that because they were worried of their influence on me and honestly I'm very glad that they did that because I probably would have been a less a much less productive person, in middle and high school had I had access to those things I think I probably would have spent less time worrying about my school work than I should have but genuinely I built up a certain foundation for social media starting in 8th grade or so I believe my first social media was Instagram and I had that starting about halfway through my 8th grade year and then slowly from there I added more but really really it was over the pretty slow trickle until very very recently so I actually did not have Twitter until last year did not have a Facebook until a month ago did not have Snapchat until maybe 2 years ago, Pinterest I just got as well and then I've gotten several other messenger apps like WhatsApp and Facebook messenger and Skype in recent years as well as GroupMe because everybody seems to have a favorite messenger app on this campus and no one can agree which one it is. So I use all sorts of different Messenger accounts now and I realize that they're all kind of the same. So I think to this day the fact that Instagram was the first means that Instagram is sort of what I go to when I want to post something, Facebook is more of something I used to keep in contact with the campus, Twitter I mostly just read and like everybody Twitter and Tumblr I mostly just read and like everybody else's stuff but I don't really post anything myself and Snapchat has sort of falling out of my favor but I keep streaks because my friends like me to. DC: So, you told me about your most popular ones but is there an app that is especially important that means like something really important to you? �8 Kate: I actually have not mentioned it to this point but YouTube has been an incredibly important account and I honestly I didn't even realize it was a social media, because if by that logic than that was my very first now that I'm thinking because YouTube was something where I was able to watch all of these different creators of all these different ages and genuinely be able to learn and discuss and oh I don't know all these different people had such diverse ideas and opinions it really opened my mind to the world around me rather than just sort of focusing what was going on in my backyard so I learned a lot of things from YouTube I learned… Just overall how to be sensitive in terms of other people, and treating other people with respect which is something that I always did but I grew up in a sort of community where certain things weren’t talked about or we didn't really discuss certain things but I always wanted to be a respectful and open-minded person so having a forum like YouTube allowed me to know what was right and good to do when your somebody who's perhaps struggling with mental illness or if you are becoming friends with somebody in the LGBTQIA+ if that's all the letters and being able to be open minded and sensitive to them as an ally persay. DC: Okay so those are really significant to you but as you said you were creative writer or there any media where you produce that work, or you alter someone else's work? Kate: I sort of have kept my work to myself at this point but I have put it out there via school more so than via the internet – there's something about putting my work out there that I just don't feel I'm ready for yet at this point if I ever were to do it I would probably do it under a pen name or pseudonym I wouldn't I probably wouldn't myself because I feel like I need more practice and I need to get better on my own before I share my work with the world. DC: When you look at these apps and all the ones you laid out are there any patterns in the amount of uses or maybe when you use them or who you use them to talk to with these apps? Kate: like I said earlier messages is mostly for my friends snapchat for young friends that I don't know I just don't lose contact with, Instagram for pretty much the masses of everybody I know, Tumblr to interact with other writers and mostly to just comment on their work and ask them where their inspiration came from and how they how they got where they got sort of asking advice from other people on the platform who seem to be successful… those sorts of things. DC: So, can you show me how do you store your media that you use and where you keep it? �9 Kate: Well let's find out here on my settings app… let's let's find out well let me just. Never mind, I keep everything in folders so I am sort of anal about the way that I store things on my phone so I have pretty much a folder, that I have all the important ones out on their own that I use all the time, so Messages, like like pretty much the traditional layout of the phone. I want it to look like a traditional iPhone layout. Then I have folders that I’ve added and sort of categorize them. The safety category where I have emergency apps and then I also have my banking apps and things like that I want to keep secure. I have that kind of an obscure place, so it would take somebody longer to find that folder; I have my social media folder which is just bursting at this point, I have work category so that's my Google Drive, my Google Docs, Spanish dictionary for when I'm in class when I need to look up a word that I don't know, email. And I have an entertainment which is my music app which I actually use an app where all my videos are stream from YouTube so I can get all my music for free as long as I have a Wi-Fi connection which is great, would recommend, I also Spotify, YouTube, Netflix, the movie theater app, and a couple games on there, and then I have services so that's more like my restaurant memberships, Starbucks app, and Uber, and Lyft, and Amazon, things like that. DC: So, you made a point that you turn off your location services cuz you feel like its things that need to be more private on the iPhone are there anyways when your media that you keep your privacy safe? Kate: I always log out of my Instagram account I think it's sort of a force of habit it at this point because it was something I started doing when I was 13 or 14 and there was things going on at school where other callous 13-14 year old girls would try to hack each other's phones and post inappropriate or embarrassing pictures on each other's account so I always make sure to lock it and keep my phone with me because I was afraid of that happening to me, but as for everything else I generally keep it unlocked because there's not as much on those accounts there's nothing really incriminating on anything though so I don't I don't have anything that I'm trying to hide. DC: So, is there any media that you consume that's not reflected in your phone? Kate: Pretty much everything that I have on my phone I can also access on my computer where I can access on TV or I can access anywhere else so really there's not necessarily anything that I really do that’s not on my phone. DC: So we’re in the last section and this is just me want to know more about your personal history and learning to using these technologies so I want you to reflect on your history with these with this device in the apps you've used and how you learned how to use them and how �10 you currently do you some now so can you tell me how you first started using digital Technologies and if your relationship with it is changed? Kate: Oh it’s changed quite a bit – I was actually barred from using digital technology as a child. I had very limited TV usage and computer usage and I was always monitored by a parent so when I finally was trusted enough by my parents to have my own technology it made me want to be safe and want to not do anything that would upset them or compromise my own privacy because I was taught from a young age that’s it's very important to be private. So for a while I was not allowed to post any pictures of myself on the internet because they were afraid of my image being out there but I eventually convinced them that everybody else is doing it and that as long as the pictures weren't incriminating in any sort of way that it was a generally safe things to do DC: So, of the one just told me what are any of them complex and where there's any struggles learning how to use them? Kate: I think there is always a learning curve when you get a new app and you figure out what everything does, but it never takes me an hour to figure out what I need to do. DC: So, were any of the ones that were little bit harder like in a context of like professional ones or like more personal ones or academic like the ones about the security or your learning folders Kate: I sort of use everything for everything so the only division that I really have is between my school work and my personal life I have two separate email accounts for that, Google drive is all combined, and everything else is sort of combined DC: Can you tell me how you learned how to just use your phone and apps in general how you learned? Kate: I sort of just taught myself I really didn't have anybody teach me how to use them DC: So are is there anything on your phone that you wish you knew how to do it you can't �11 Kate: Pretty much self-sufficient with it I can teach myself how to do almost anything DC: Do you think you have to digital skills to operate effectively in the professional world and can you tell me how you gauge that? Kate: Oh absolutely it was a big emphasis at my high school to be able to teach us how use digital technology so Google drive was pretty much an essential from 8th grade on so that is the program that I'm most comfortable with using but I'm slowly adapting to office 365 which is what we use on Emory campuses, Canvas is a learning curve but I'm working on it Opus is new too but I'm sort of just figuring it out as I go and if I have any questions I'm always able to go to text people or second years because everybody else seems to know how to do things DC: How would you define or describe digital literacy? Kate: I would describe digital literacy as the ability to be able to pick up new technologies quickly and be able to use technology that you’ve already learned without having to relearn them. For instance, for me I know how use Instagram and Snapchat now so well that I can pretty much do it with my eyes closed meanwhile when I go home my mom is like how do I get to stories again I forgotten so that's sort of DC: So, would you consider yourself digitally literate? Kate: I do because I have a good understanding and knowledge of how to do things when I need to do them and if I don't I know the exact resources I can go to get help and I feel like it's a necessity when it happened other adults in my life if they don't know how to do something on their phone they just sort of throw their hands up and go oh it doesn’t matter I don't really need to know versus with me I want to learn everything possible about my device as soon as possible DC: Okay well that's the end of the questions I have prepared for you but is there anything that you think I skipped over or maybe you remembered for my past question that you just remembered right now that you would like to add at the end? Kate: I think we covered all the bases here, so thank you for the interview �12 DC: thank you Miss Kate � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource 2018 APDH Interviews-Post-1980 Birthdates Oral History A resource containing historical information obtained in interviews with persons having firsthand knowledge. Interviewer The person(s) performing the interview D.C. (pseudonym) Interviewee The person(s) being interviewed Kate Taylor (pseudonym) Original Format The type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data Transcript Duration Length of time involved (seconds, minutes, hours, days, class periods, etc.) 12 pages State/Province of Residence The state or province in which the interviewee currently resides Georgia, USA State/Province of Birth The state or province in which the interviewee was born Florida, USA Five-year birth range The five-year range in which the interviewee was born 1996-2000 Nationalities All nationalities reported by the interviewee American Gender Gender identified by the interviewee (female, male, non-binary/third gender) Female Race or ethnicity The interviewee's reported race or ethnicity Caucasian Socioeconomic class The interviewee's reported socioeconomic class (working class, middle class, upper middle class, upper class) Upper Class Main Languages Main languages reported by the interviewee English, Spanish Occupation Student Length of digital device access The length of time the interviewee has had access to any digital device (computer, mobile phone, gaming system, etc.) 8 years Age of regular digital device acess The age the interviewee first owned or had regular in-home access to a digital device of some sort (computer, mobile phone, gaming system, etc.) 10 years old Coding/markup languages Coding or markup languages with which the interviewee reports familiarity N/A Device Type Type of device the interviewee chose to be interviewed about. Cellphone Device Make and Model The make and model of the device the interviewee chose as particularly significant for them. iPhone 6 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource "It's just a matter of having the whole world in my hand rather than just however much a cartographer can fit on a piece of paper" Description An account of the resource Interview #5 - Post-1980 Birthdate This interview was between two first-year Oxford College of Emory University students in the beginning of the 2018 school year. Both people were born between 1999-2004 and are considered digital natives. DC was raised in Louisiana while Kate grew up in Florida. The purpose of this interview is to examine and catalog digital use by people who grew up exposed to technology and to reflect on the affects that technology has on our lives. Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Oxford College of Emory University Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource September 2018 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource Adobe PDF Language A language of the resource English Apple college student Early 2000's iPhone https://apdh.oxomeka.org/files/original/a232607dd1216d0796b2877cd021e32b.pdf de81e35bd7e78b8e8ebb65f862c44ee1 PDF Text Text “I use my phone a whole lot more calendars, order coffee, buy grocery, buy tickets, order food so about everything” Archive of Personal Digital History Interview #16 - Post-1980 Birthdate September 28, 2018 Introduction This interview was conducted over the video feature on Facebook Messenger between DC the interviewer and Suzanne Tillman (ST) the interviewee. Suzanne is DC’s aunt and is living in Louisiana while DC goes to Oxford College of Emory University in Georgia. Suzanne was born between 1980-1985 and is not considered a digital native while DC was born between 2000-2005 and meets most standard definitions of a digital native. Suzanne works in human resources and has a college degree. This interview is part of a larger project whose goal is to examine and compare how technology affects our lives and if generational gaps effect how they are used. Transcript DC: So, for this interview I would like to actually take me on a guided tour of your digital device that is particularly significant for you and that you use routinely. This could be your mobile phone, laptop, desktop computer, gaming system, or other device. If this device enables it that I would like you to review records with activities during the past month such as calendar, entries, text messages, phone calls, emails, websites, and social media interactions. Talk to me about the people you interact with the places you go, and the ways you use media and communication technologies. You can decide what to comment on and what to ignore and you can decide when to share an example by showing it to me on your device. You should only share examples when you feel comfortable doing so. Also, please don't share information about anything illegal or information that would compromise the privacy of another person. Please don't mention names of other people we referring to other people call them by their role rather than name. Example co-worker or family member-- before we began, do you have any questions? ST: No, I do not. DC: So first off can you tell me why you chose this device. ST: I chose this device because it's the one I use most frequent. DC: So, the first round of questions has to do with our activities on the device to start off. I'd like to ask you to look to your device to see what record you have of activities you are involved during the past month. You might look at records of your activities on your calendar app or a to do list or invitations that were sent to you on �social media. So, what apps or programs if any do you use to plan, coordinate or record activities? ST: So, I use -- let me see if this is google-- I use Google calendar. We use Google Maps to find locations for example this morning to find where to pick breakfast. DC: Okay so like based on what you're looking at. What do you think your main activities are? ST: Oh, my main activities would be text messaging, probably Walmart grocery app, amazon, um Samsung Where for the watch and the bank. DC: If you're looking at your Google Calendar what's your main activities for this month? What does your calendar show a lot of? ST: Bringing my kids to the dentist. That’s on here the most DC: So, you would say that the biggest pattern is stuff for your kids? ST: Yes, and I also put, I periodically work things on here too. DC: So, are there any activities that are important in your life that aren't reflected or your calendars? ST: I'm sure there is, usually put my husband's schedule on here -- some of it is on here and some of its not. So, his work schedule is a on here-- usually days off, when I have to go to court, um what are some other things that are not on here? DC: Okay so next I want you to look through your device and see what records you have with people you've talked to and been involved with this past month so things like text messages, emails, social media messaging, Skypes and Facetimes. So, if you can tell me about which apps you use to talk to people? ST: I use WhatsApp. I've used messenger a couple times. DC: Can you see any patterns in like which one you use more, or would you use them for? ST: I definitely use messages more and phone Definitely as far as work I use Gmail that's usually like during the day the text messages are really probably each morning and night. I would say the phone would be only on the way to and from work is really the only time I'll talk on the phone. DC: So, you can talk about it but is there any other ways you decide on which to use when you want to talk to someone other than if you're driving? ST: I would say ones that are more user friendly so like I've tried messages and I've tried the-- when I got the phone there were three different methods And I've found why, I've found that one, let's see if I can find the other, is going fine the other one I did switch to that one and therefore I think it was Google messages he said. �ST: That is correct. DC: Are there any other communications that you do daily that aren't reflected on the phone? ST: I use a desktop phone. I use a desktop computer and communicate through email. DC: What about talking to your kids and stuff? Can you find anything on that phone or is that mostly not over that? ST: The only time that I talk to them through the phone is through messages-every once in awhile phone. I do have, I can communicate with my son's teacher through the dojo app. DC: So the next part is based on places you've gone. So when you look at records of where you've gone in the past month them like where you go the most like using Google Maps or location services on your phone. Are there any apps on your phone that record where you've gone and what you're doing? ST: Lets see--Facebook does record events near me and also Google Google Map Records location, also Waitr app records my location and Uber. DC: Can you see any patterns in where you've been in where you visit? ST: I would say there is a huge pattern of places eating eating out. DC: Okay so how did you first learn how to navigate new locations? Like, what was your first instance of learning how to drive somewhere new or go new places? ST: I used Google driving. DC: That was the first thing you used? Like in your childhood. ST: There was no Internet. So we--what did we do-- we didn't use a map maybe use the phone book, to get the Address. I'm trying to think what did we use? I would say just maybe the assistance of someone someone else, like a parent or a friend that's been there that's the only thing we could have used DC: Are there any important places that you go normally that won't be reflected by looking at your maps or your Facebook? -------moment of silence to think-------ST: I would say there's places that are not on this, I don't think anywhere that I-everywhere that I go frequently would be on this map. DC: So this is meant to be the biggest section as it is on the next section and is based on media. So I'm interested in your social media posting photos music videos TV shows movies and games that you have on your phone. Anything that you've created or like it on the Internet. It could also be Netflix Google Search History YouTube history or social or any of your social media platforms. So if you look at �your device what apps and programs you use the most for like social media type things? ST: Social media texting? DC: No kind of media like social media in general. (long silence) ST: I would say probably either Netflix or YouTube TV and then Facebook. DC: Okay so are there any social platforms where you create and post things rather than just like watching what other people do. ST: I would say snapchat, But that's not very often maybe once a week. DC: So are there any social media platforms that are really significant to you in a major way? ST: I don't think. I mean I guess Facebook-- you know I'm able to see family. Like what You know people are up to, you know like what I wouldn't see before. Example, My brother that lives in Pearl River like I wouldn't know he just graduated and became a sheriff officer. If it wouldn't be for Facebook so that is significant. DC: So going along with that, Are there any patterns in what social media is you use more than others? So you said you used YouTube and Netflix a lot to do use more video based social media over Instagram and Facebook which is like text based? ST: I would say Facebook over Netflix and TV. DC: Can you tell me your strategy of storing your stuff on your phone like how do you actually keep track of your photos or videos and where social media is? ST: I have been using Google photos. DC: How does that work? ST: Actually has an assistant and the capability to share it, so I can share it with my husband. DC: So is Google Photos like an online drive that is backed up to the internet or is it saved on your phone? ST: It is saved on my phone. Oh you know what? I think it's web based through my e-mail if I'm not mistaken my email address should help signs and we set up our album, like I can do a search over favorite or just search people search Places. DC: So you said that you can send the photos to your husband and everything. Are there any other ways that you share photos or text? Like any type of media with people. �ST: The only way I would share photos with other people would be text messages I guess that snap chat would be--I do e-mail myself. When I need a photo to go to my work e-mail. I Actually share through email. DC: So moving away from would actually use. Can you tell me if you have any strategies for protecting your privacy when you use social media? ST: I have a Verizon security and privacy. DC: What's that? ST: It is powered by Macafee and it does a security scan on my phone and its wifi security. DC: So that protects your device as a whole but specifically on Facebook or things like that. Are there any steps you take to protecting your privacy of stuff you've put out there like Facebook and Snapchat. ST: I do adjust settings to where I share things with only people I'm friends with. DC: So is there any media that you consume that's not reflected on your device? Like if you read paper newspapers a magazine or you listen to the radio or watch cable television maybe you go to the movies. Is there anything significant that you do that's not on your phone? ST: Netflix is on the TV and I don't really go to the movies enough-- I mean even if we do we would go online and see what's playing so we will still be using the Internet. DC: So there is one last section and that section is based on your personal history and learning to use devices. So what do you think about like before you had technology and how you've been using it since just to answer these next questions- and the first one is how did you start using digital technology And how has your relationship with it changed? ST: Well I started using digital technology probably a computer somewhere around 13 or 14 and then a cell phone at 19 and at the age of 19 it was just a little Nokia where it was you know the technology was limited and basically you were only----Texting wasn't even big it was really just calls. And compared to now I mean I use my phone a whole lot more calendars, order coffee, buy grocery, buy tickets, order food so about everything. DC: So the things that we've been talking about so far were any of the things you've learned to use your phone for difficult for you to learn? ST: I would say it was a bit of a learning curve. Definitely like when you switch phones you know just take time to get yourself familiar with it. DC: So can you tell me about when and how you learned to do to use the new software or the new devices? �ST: When and how....I'm Pretty much--I would say self-taught. Just get in there and playing with it myself instead of getting someone to actually show me how to do it. And then as far as when I would say just like when I got this particular product. I had a Samsung before so Some of it was familiar but not every thing so there was kind of relearning and I'm still relining and switched from my iPhone to a Samsung. DC: How recently did you switch to Samsung? ST: That was maybe July. DC: So are there any activities that your device can do that you don't know how to do. So Like anything that you don't know how to do on your phone that you wish you could? ST: Oh there are a lot of things...my Phone has-- I guess this is android thing-- has an assistant called Bixby and there is a Bixby button on it called Bixby Home where it has frequent contacts, shows Facebook contacts, gallery, weather, blood pressure, game, and I'm pretty sure that-- cause its specialized for what I specifically do from what I understand but I don't know how to work it. DC: So do you feel that do you have the skills to use technology in a professional context? ST:I think for the most part yeah. DC: Can you tell me what you gauge that based on? ST: I would gauge that... Based on my professional-- where my company-- what my company was before and what I've used technology to improve things, in my opinion that’s been successful. DC: Do you think you have the same level of success with things in a personal context or if you're better in the professional digital context? ST: I would think I'm better probably in a professional because I think that the personal you know is a lot more advanced-- you know work I feel like with my company we're kind of behind the curve and personal with me upgrading to what I feel is more technological advanced phone with a watch that just came out. I think it's a lot more challenging then what it is with my company I think at my company there's a lot of you know old school like faxing and you know it me showing some of those other people how to scan and e-mail and I think it's a lot less technologically advanced. DC: So how would you define or describe someone who was digitally literate? ST: I would say someone who is definitely familiar with how to use the basics of their cellphone and understand what it can do. DC: So do you consider yourself digitally literate? �ST: Yeah I would say like middle of the road. DC: So were there any instances you can remember like learning how to become digitally literate in your life? ST: I can't remember any specific instances let me think about that one for a minute. ----silence for about a minute-----ST: Yeah I think it's something as simple as you know like with snapchat just getting getting younger users that they used it more frequently show me OK how do you do the filters? How Do you change that thing? You know I can remember like stuff like that. DC: Okay so after that question I'm of my prepared questions. So if there's anything else you would like to say or that I've skipped over anything you would want to be included in this interview. Then you can say that now if there's nothing else than we're through. ST: Well I would like to say that I at times regret going to this on just because of the advancement to it and I'm just so used to the iPhone with the Apple Watch that I though was so easy. I don't think the features of this phone outweigh the simpleness of the Apple product so I guess I still regret that even though I'll never admit it to my husband. � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource 2018 APDH Interviews-Post-1980 Birthdates Oral History A resource containing historical information obtained in interviews with persons having firsthand knowledge. Interviewer The person(s) performing the interview D.C. (pseudonym) Interviewee The person(s) being interviewed Suzanne Tillman (pseudonym) Original Format The type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data Transcript Duration Length of time involved (seconds, minutes, hours, days, class periods, etc.) 7 pages State/Province of Residence The state or province in which the interviewee currently resides Louisiana, USA State/Province of Birth The state or province in which the interviewee was born Louisiana, USA Five-year birth range The five-year range in which the interviewee was born 1980-1985 Nationalities All nationalities reported by the interviewee Italian, French-American Gender Gender identified by the interviewee (female, male, non-binary/third gender) Female Race or ethnicity The interviewee's reported race or ethnicity White Socioeconomic class The interviewee's reported socioeconomic class (working class, middle class, upper middle class, upper class) Middle Class Main Languages Main languages reported by the interviewee English Occupation Human Resources Director Length of digital device access The length of time the interviewee has had access to any digital device (computer, mobile phone, gaming system, etc.) 22 years Age of regular digital device acess The age the interviewee first owned or had regular in-home access to a digital device of some sort (computer, mobile phone, gaming system, etc.) 14 years old Coding/markup languages Coding or markup languages with which the interviewee reports familiarity N/A Device Type Type of device the interviewee chose to be interviewed about. Cellphone Device Make and Model The make and model of the device the interviewee chose as particularly significant for them. Samsung Galaxy Note 8 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource "“I use my phone a whole lot more calendars, order coffee, buy grocery, buy tickets, order food so about everything”" Description An account of the resource Interview #16 - Post-1980 Interview This interview was conducted over the video feature on Facebook Messenger between DC the interviewer and Suzanne Tillman (ST) the interviewee. Suzanne is DC’s aunt and is living in Louisiana while DC goes to Oxford College of Emory University in Georgia. Suzanne was born between 1980-1985 and is not considered a digital native while DC was born between 2000-2005 and meets most standard definitions of a digital native. Suzanne works in human resources and has a college degree. This interview is part of a larger project whose goal is to examine and compare how technology affects our lives and if generational gaps effect how they are used. Android Early 1980's Galaxy Note 8 Millennial post-1980 birthdate Samsung https://apdh.oxomeka.org/files/original/f20fdb7eeebe8928bd42986c4cb51c1c.pdf dffa1d9832fcbf306688759ad2633554 PDF Text Text A WeChat Interview About an Individual’s Use of the iPhone X Archive of Personal Digital History Interview #2 – Post-1980 Birthdate September 22, 2018 Transcript HX: This is an interview conducted over Wechat by Hongjin Xiang. Dr. Reid is the principle investigator. You may choose a pseudonym for confidentiality. L: Ok, call me L. HX: Alright, L. Let’s begin. Tell me about why you choose iPhone Xs as your device. L: I choose this device because this is the first thing that comes to my mind. iPhone Xs was officially instock yesterday, and I spent my whole day setting it up. Actually, I was just exploring my new phone. I have iCloud backups, so setting up was just in a few seconds. HX: Good for you. Now look through your device. What apps do you use to plan, coordinate or record your daily activities? L: I mainly use WeChat. I know that it is a communication tool, but it’s the app I use most frequently. You know that you can open a chat box with yourself, right? Basically, I text whatever I need to remember, for example, what to buy in a supermarket, in the chat box. HX: So, what do you have in your chat box? L: Ah… Let me open it. Here it is. I have “bubble tea”, “NBA 2K19”, “FIFA 19”, “Shampoo”, and etc. “Bubble tea” was for my girlfriend, “NBA 2K19” was what I was playing on my Alienware with my classmates recently, “FIFA 19” was to remind myself that the game would come out next week, and I was running out of shampoo, so I went to FamilyMart. HX: Do you see other activities? Of all, which is the most important activity to you? �L: Yes, I play basketball every weekend when I come back from school. I hang out with my girlfriend a lot. There are also some notes for my classes. The most important activity… is probably hanging out with my girlfriend. HX: Makes sense. Are there any activities that you do, but you don’t have it on your phone? L: Um… It’s hard to think of one when it’s not on my phone… Perhaps taking subways? I don’t need to have it on my phone because it is a routine. HX: Great! Next, look at the people who you were involved in during last month. And, you don’t have to give me names, just tell me the relationship between you and the person. What apps do you use to communicate with them? L: WeChat for most of the time. I used to use QQ but not anymore because my friends all use WeChat now. I also call people. HX: So, do you use one mode of communication over another? How do you decide which to use? L: I mainly use WeChat because it has almost all the functions. You can text people and call people. However, when I call my grandma, I don’t call her through WeChat. She sometimes has difficulties with cell phones. Perhaps she’s old. So, I just make a traditional phone call that she can pick it up easily because it will show up on the main screen of her phone. HX: Ok, are there any people you contact, but they are not showed up on your apps? L: Yeah, my teachers. I don’t have their contact information, and it’s really awkward if I have to text them or call them. HX: Next, I want you to look at what places you have been to in the past month. What apps have the record of your locations? Do you have any apps you use to navigate locations, track your movement, and check in to places? If so, what are they? L: Oh… Baidu Map, Keep, and many others. I think many apps require your locations. I turn off the location permission for those apps that I think it is unnecessary to have my locations for both safety reason and battery reason. Let me think… I use Baidu Map to navigate locations, sometimes I use DianPing to �navigate myself to restaurants. I don’t think there’s any app that specifically track my movement. No, wait, actually I think Keep does. When I am running or biking outside, I turn Keep on, and it will show me the map of where I have been to after I finish running or biking. And I don’t check in to places. HX: Ok, look at your Location Services. Do you have it on? L: Of course, otherwise I can’t even use these apps that need my locations. HX: Alright, look at the location history. Are there any patterns in the places you visit? L: Uh… I’m looking at my Significant Locations. I see school and home many times. Shopping malls too. Places I go for meals. And some other places near my school and home… I might randomly walk by them. HX: Cool. How do you first learn to navigate new locations? L: I think I had a map of China when I was little. But I was only reading maps in my dad’s car when my family went on a road trip. It was boring in the car, I guess the only thing I could do was to look at the map of the in-car GPS. HX: Are there any places not reflected on your apps that you have been to? L: I don’t think so. These are all recorded as long as I have my phone with me. Sounds creepy. HX: True… So what other apps you use to discover new places? L: Besides DianPing, I sometimes use Weibo to look up cool places. HX: Next, look at the records of media, such as social media posts, texts, photos, music, videos, TV shows, movies, games, and etc. What apps do you use most to access or produce media? Why do you prefer one over another? L: I can think of WeChat and Steam. For WeChat, I can post or see others’ daily life in the Moments section. I used Instagram for a while, but I no longer use it because it’s blocked, and most of my friends don’t use it at all. We have WeChat, and that is enough. And I use Steam to check latest information of the games I am interested in, even though I cannot play Steam games on my phone. HX: Based on what you see on your device, what media do you use or create the most? �L: Texts maybe. I haven’t post anything for several months. I don’t know what to post. Some posts are like as if the person who posts wants to get attention from everyone. I can’t relate. HX: What are the examples of media that are especially significant to you? And what are the ones that you produce or alter in some way? L: Texts and photos are important. They’re like how I communicate with others and how I record my life. I do photoshop to my friends’ photos. Does that count? HX: Haha, yes. Do you store or share your media? L: Yeah. I don’t clean my chat history because I want to look at it someday. But I don’t like to share my media because I think some are very private. HX: So how do you protect your privacy? L: Uh. On social media, adding me requires my permission. I also set things only visible to myself if I feel it’s necessary. HX: Is there media that is not reflected on your phone? Like reading newspaper, or using other devices. L: I don’t read newspaper! I watch television programs on a TV and play games on my Alienware. HX: Last, I want to ask you how you started using digital technology. How has your relationship with it changed over time? L: I started using them when I was little. I watched TV. As I got older, I got my cell phone and my laptop. I always like to use them. Although my parents had prohibited me to use them for a while, I still feel attached to them because… it’s almost essential to my life. HX: Let me see… Do you feel you have the digital skills to operate effectively in a professional context? L: Yeah. I haven’t met any problems. It was easy. Maybe I’m just good with technology. At school when we have to code, I can complete tasks easily. HX: Ok. Another question: how do you describe someone who is digitally illiterate? L: Ugh… My grandma? Or grandma in general… HX: Well… So, you’re totally not digitally illiterate? �L: Of course not! I always teach myself by going to online tutorials about technology. HX: Is there anything you want me to know? Or anything I should’ve asked? L: No… This is a lot! HX: Alright. Thank you, L! L: No problem. Glad it helps. � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource 2018 APDH Interviews-Post-1980 Birthdates Oral History A resource containing historical information obtained in interviews with persons having firsthand knowledge. Interviewer The person(s) performing the interview Hongjin "Clare" Xiang Interviewee The person(s) being interviewed L (pseudonym) Location The location of the interview Via WeChat Original Format The type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data Transcript Duration Length of time involved (seconds, minutes, hours, days, class periods, etc.) 5 pages State/Province of Residence The state or province in which the interviewee currently resides Shanghai, China State/Province of Birth The state or province in which the interviewee was born Shanghai, China Five-year birth range The five-year range in which the interviewee was born 1996-2000 Nationalities All nationalities reported by the interviewee Chinese Gender Gender identified by the interviewee (female, male, non-binary/third gender) Male Race or ethnicity The interviewee's reported race or ethnicity Asian Socioeconomic class The interviewee's reported socioeconomic class (working class, middle class, upper middle class, upper class) Upper Middle Class Main Languages Main languages reported by the interviewee Chinese Occupation Student Length of digital device access The length of time the interviewee has had access to any digital device (computer, mobile phone, gaming system, etc.) 15 years Age of regular digital device acess The age the interviewee first owned or had regular in-home access to a digital device of some sort (computer, mobile phone, gaming system, etc.) 4 years old Coding/markup languages Coding or markup languages with which the interviewee reports familiarity Java Device Type Type of device the interviewee chose to be interviewed about. Cellphone Device Make and Model The make and model of the device the interviewee chose as particularly significant for them. iPhone Xs Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource A WeChat Interview About an Individual's Use of the iPhone Xs Description An account of the resource Interview #2 - Post-1980 Birthdate An interview conducted over WeChat about "L's" use of technology. Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Oxford College of Emory University Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource September 2018 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource Adobe PDF Language A language of the resource English Apple Chinese college student iPhone iPhoneXs Java post-1980 birthdate WeChat https://apdh.oxomeka.org/files/original/1d6e5fa20df0df1c443e47686b580a30.jpg 81b64e9a685129963fcf38e3a29488c8 https://apdh.oxomeka.org/files/original/0feb86c0791d68c3ca13d564237529a0.pdf 750e77f3941b43e5f3231b3637f04428 PDF Text Text Interview with an International Student from India on Her Daily Usage of Her Mobile Device Archive of Personal Digital History Interview #6 - Post-1980 Birthdate September 24, 2018 I am Carolyn and I am a freshman in Oxford College of Emory University. This is an interview conducted in a residential hall on campus. A is my interviewee; she is an international student from India and she is also a college student here. According to her, she uses mobile phones frequently in her daily lives. After I informed her about the content of this interview, she chose her mobile phone as the digital device she wanted to talk about. Transcription of Interview with A Carolyn: Tell me about why you choose this device? A: Um, Okay, so I feel like I just choose my phone because I feel like I use it the most, um, and I carry it around with me, like, almost all the time and everywhere. Um, so that’s why I would describe it as the most significant. Carolyn: Cool, to start, I would like to ask you to look through your device to see what records you have of the activities you were involved in during the past month, and you might have records of activities in a calendar app, for example, in a to-do list, in invitation to events through social media, or in a journaling app. So, what apps or programs, if any, do you use to plan, coordinate, or record your activities? A: So, I would say to plan and coordinate my activities I will probably use the calendar map most. Um, mainly because, um, whether it is like someone send me an email, like Gmail or Outlook school related or not, the calendar automatically, like, adds it to its app, And I get like a notification, when that's gonna happen so I think that’s really convenient. And I just use the one on my phone because, like, I want everything to be in one place and since I carry my phone around with me everywhere it seems like the most convenient. So, I use my calendar to set time, um, where I have to do something or places that I have to go. Um, but to sort of record my activities I will probably use Snapchat or some other social media devices or like WhatsApp. Carolyn: So, based on what you see in your devices, which are the most significant to you? A: The apps? Or the activities? Carolyn: The activities doing in the apps, like those apps, which one do you use most? �A: which app do I use most? Um, so I think I would use WhatsApp the most and Outlook, my email the most. Carolyn: So, what patterns do you notice in your activities and the role your device plays in them? A: So, for my activities, umm, any patterns that I sort of think? I think it will only be in terms of whether it is something like messaging, who I want to message and that is sort of determining the app. Like if I want to message my family that I would use WhatsApp because a lot of people in India use WhatsApp, while in US it is not that common. But maybe something like um over here, I would probably use Snapchat, Instagram, and I think the same thing kind of go through like email… If it is school-related I will probably use Outlook, but if not, I usually use my Gmail account. Carolyn: So, what important activities are not reflected information on your device? A: Yeah, I don't think there are any activities that such. Carolyn: Next, I'd like to ask you to look through your device, to see what records you have of the people you were involved in during the past month, so ummm, what do you decide with modes of communication to use over another? which mode of communication to use over another? Like, do you use particular mode of communication to particular situation or people? A: Well, like I said, I would use WhatsApp if it’s someone in India, I would use Instagram or Snapchat if it is not, I will use Gmail Netflix non-academic and for Outlook if it is academic. Carolyn: What important interactions this people are not reflected in information on your device? A: Probably just day-to-day conversations, you know, in the dining hall, or in class that is not really recorded, but those are pretty important. Carolyn: Now, I'd like to ask you to look through your device, to see what records you have of the places you went during the past month. So, like what apps or programs if any have recorded the places you visited? A: I think I would be there in Google Maps. I use Google Maps sometimes to navigate from place to place. If I go to my history it says I've gone to Atlanta over the weekend. I went to the Opera House. And an Asian restaurant. So those are probably the places. Carolyn: So, do you allow any apps to track your movement or permit your location services? A: Um, no, I don’t. So, the only apps I am aware of that does that is Snapchat, and for privacy reasons, I am in ghost mode and do not allow people to see. Carolyn: Yeah, that makes sense. So how did you first learn to navigate new locations? A: Are you asking before phones came in or after? �Carolyn: After. A: Oh, after? After phones I would just use Google maps. Carolyn: In this last section I'd like to ask you to look through your device, to see what records do you have of the media you used during the past month. So, based on what you see on your device, what apps or programs do you use most to access or produced media? A: I use social media, I use Google, I use YouTube, I use quite a lot of apps to access my media. I think what would be the most significant to me is probably Google. Carolyn: Tell me about any strategies you may have for protecting your privacy with your media usage? A: Well I don't turn on the location services for most of my apps. Because I just don't think it’s that use for me, and I think for me the cons outweighs the pros. So, that's basically it is at all I do turn on the location for my phone as a whole it's because I thought we take an Uber or something that I need my location, but if not, I avoid it as much as possible. Carolyn: And in this final section, I'd like to reflect on your history with the device and apps you have shared, and focusing on how you learn to use them in the way that you currently do. How did you start using digital technologies and how's your relationship changed over time? A: So, growing up I didn't really have that much access to digital technology, and something like that, and I started to get access when I was about like 10 sorry 8 years old, and before that is not really a significant part of my life, right now I know for a fact that it's changed quite a bit like I cannot cool anywhere without my phone. How do I start using it maybe because I was influenced by my sister who started using it maybe. I think she taught me how to use it to Google about it. So, that's probably how I started. Carolyn: So, what were the most complex thing for your to learn through these activities on your social media like those digital technologies? A: Wait, specifically to social media or? Carolyn: No, technology. A: Particularly difficult for me... to sort of navigate my way through to research paper to find out information find out information that is really focused on the topic that I want and important, I don't think, I find that kind of hard to do. Carolyn: Would you consider yourself digitally literate? A: Would I consider... Yeah, I do. Ummm, yeah, I do think I'm digitally literate. �Carolyn: How do you think you learnt to be digitally literate? A: How do I learn... Probably through practice, like, initially I feels like my sister who really taught me my Parents who taught me of the basics, but I think as being a curious person, you kind of just want to know more and more, like, if I'm given like a new phone or like a new device I really want to know everything about it, so I think that’s like one of the way, that when I was young I really want to learn more and deeper more, and now I feel like it's relatively easier for me to, you know, to get those digital skills and be digitally literate. Carolyn: if there anything else you would like me to know? A: No, I think that is fine. Carolyn: Good. Thank you. A: No problem. � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource 2018 APDH Interviews-Post-1980 Birthdates Oral History A resource containing historical information obtained in interviews with persons having firsthand knowledge. Interviewer The person(s) performing the interview Carolyn Chen Interviewee The person(s) being interviewed A (pseudonym) Location The location of the interview Oxford College Original Format The type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data Transcript Duration Length of time involved (seconds, minutes, hours, days, class periods, etc.) 4 pages State/Province of Residence The state or province in which the interviewee currently resides Georgia, USA State/Province of Birth The state or province in which the interviewee was born California, USA Five-year birth range The five-year range in which the interviewee was born 1996-2000 Nationalities All nationalities reported by the interviewee American Gender Gender identified by the interviewee (female, male, non-binary/third gender) Female Race or ethnicity The interviewee's reported race or ethnicity Indian Socioeconomic class The interviewee's reported socioeconomic class (working class, middle class, upper middle class, upper class) Middle Class Main Languages Main languages reported by the interviewee English Occupation Student Length of digital device access The length of time the interviewee has had access to any digital device (computer, mobile phone, gaming system, etc.) 5 years Age of regular digital device acess The age the interviewee first owned or had regular in-home access to a digital device of some sort (computer, mobile phone, gaming system, etc.) 8 years old Coding/markup languages Coding or markup languages with which the interviewee reports familiarity HTML, Python Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Interview with an International Student from India on Her Daily Usage of Her Mobile Device Description An account of the resource Interview #6 - Post-1980 Interview I am Carolyn and I am a freshman in Oxford College of Emory University. This is an interview conducted in a residential hall on campus. A is my interviewee; she is an international student from India and she is also a college student here. According to her, she uses mobile phones frequently in her daily lives. After I informed her about the content of this interview, she chose her mobile phone as the digital device she wanted to talk about. Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Oxford College of Emory University Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource September 2018 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource Adobe PDF Language A language of the resource English college student HTML Indian post-1980 birthdate Python https://apdh.oxomeka.org/files/original/89aa933ea6b16592223445fd2ea7cc29.jpg bfb26a650ae28c87e09244ddd9e5e9ad https://apdh.oxomeka.org/files/original/bb7fbbe0b06d4c9fe00b868b6c8a9081.pdf a3c71a6ab210d1ca0f4b8f6ea07ea988 PDF Text Text An Interview with a First-Year Chinese Student About Their Experience Using Academic and Personal Apps Archive of Personal Digital History Interview #7 - Post-1980 Birthdate September 23, 2018 Introduction This interview is conducted on September 23rd. The interviewee is an Asian female who is a first-year student studying in Oxford College, Emory University. She was born in 2000 and came from China. The purpose of this interview is to document how people born in different time interval use digital technologies, and thus contribute to the Archive of Personal Digital History (APDH) documenting how different generations use digital technologies Transcription AG: In this interview, I would like to ask you to take me on a “guided tour” of a digital device that is particularly significant for you and that you use routinely. For example, your phone, your laptop, desktop computer, gaming system, or other devices important to you. If the device enables it, I would like you to review records of your activities during the past month and talk to me about the people you interact with, the places you go, and the ways you use media and communication technologies. You can decide what to comment on and what to ignore, and you can decide when to share an example by showing it to me on your device. You should only share examples when you feel comfortable doing so. Also, please don’t share information about anything illegal or information that would compromise the privacy of another person, and please don’t mention the names of the other people. When referring to other people, please name them by their role rather than their name: for example, “a co-worker” or “a family member.” Before we begin, do you have any questions? LF: No. AG: Do you mind if I take a picture of your device? LF: You can take pictures. AG: Tell me why you chose this device? LF: I chose my cell phone because this is the device I spend most of my time on it and I use it every day, like most of my digital activities happen on my cell phone. AG: So, talking about activities, I’d like to ask you to look through your device to see what record you have of the activities you were involved in during the past month. And especially focusing some APPs or programs. And if any do you use to plan something, coordinate, or record your activities? �LF: Okay. So, the last month, I think there are two Apps I used the most. The first one is Guide Book. Of course, it’s during our orientation, and most of our activities were hosted on Guide Book. So, I could know where I should go and have the activities and speeches [in] orientation. Canvas is literally the App I use the most right now because all the homework and due [dates] are shown on Canvas. And there are calendars which show these deadlines really clearly. AG: So, do you see any patterns in your in your activities? Or the role your device plays in them? Like you use it [as] a reminder? LF: It’s like a reminder. Yeah, I think my patterns are that I check the Canvas every morning and know what I should do for the day. And check it again before I go to sleep to see if I any [assignments] I haven’t finished before the deadline. Yeah, mostly it’s just about studying here. AG: So, is there any important activity that is not reflected in the information on your device? LF: I don’t think so. AG: Okay. AG: So, let’s move to another part. In this part, we are going to see what records you have of the people you were involved in during the past month. And please provide roles and relationship names. Okay, the first question is what Apps or programs you use to communicate with other people. LF: I think definitely is WeChat. It’s the App that I think most of the Chinese students use the most. AG: So, what patterns do you notice in your communication, like probably when and how often. LF: I think I often check WeChat whenever I have free time. It’s like a habit. I get used to it and I usually just call my parents every night and have some conversation with my friends. But they are in different places. Some are in China, and some are in San Diego. So, I have to figure out the local time they are in and communicate with them. AG: So, what important interactions with people are not reflected in information on your device? LF: Important interactions? Yeah, I think I communicate with my professors mainly using PC to write emails. Using the cell phone to write emails is very difficult to do. AG: So, now, I’d like to ask you to look through your device to see what record you have of the places you went during the past month. And especially on your calendar or �mapping application like Google Maps. So, do you use any apps or programs to navigate or discover locations? Like completely new locations to you. LF: Definitely Google Map. And I also use Yelp when I want to go to some restaurants. Because it's like Oxford College is very far away from many good restaurants, I have to ask some friends to drive me to those places. And for most of the time, I would use Yelp. There is a button I can click it, and it will show me the way to go to the restaurants. AG: So, do you allow any apps to track your movement or permit “Location Services”? LF: Well there's a choice that says only Get access to my location When I use this app. I think that is acceptable. But if some apps say that they would track My location all the time. I will feel uncomfortable. AG: So, you usually just turn it off for apps like Snapchat. LF: Yeah definitely. AG: Okay, so what patterns do you notice in the places you visit or your movement from places to places? LF: Well, True Food Kitchen, KFC, Cheesecake Factory. So, I guess all about restaurants. I'm a foodie. AG: So, is there any important place or navigational practice not reflected in the information on your device? LF: Well there is a navigational app. Not app, it's like a device in the car. So, it's like AG: Oh, you mean GPS. LF: Yeah, GPS. So sometimes when it is working really well, I would not use my phone. AG: Okay, so, In the last section I would like to you ask you to Look through your device to see what record you have of the media you used during the past month. Something like social media, posts, texts, Photos music videos or anything you have read or listened to, watched or played. LF: Okay I think media is a Is about the most part I use my phone. And there are a lot of Apps I used like Instagram, Facebook, and also camera photos that kind of staffs. Yeah for most of the time, I would use Instagram to post most of my photos on. AG: So, can you give me Show me examples of media that are especially significant to you, like Movies, photos, or texts. �LF: Examples of media. Netflix. When I came to the United States. I have never used Netflix before, but when I came here, I noticed that Netflix is a really good App and I can search for all the TV series that I couldn’t get access to in China. Or there's like a longtime advertisement before the show. When I use Netflix, there [are] no long advertisements. AG: So, what patterns do you notice in your media use? Like how often or usually when? LF: Well I think I would post Instagram like twice a week. When I go to different places, I [will] take some pictures. AG: Selfies? LF: Yes definitely. For Netflix, I only use it on weekends because I don't have time on weekdays. AG: Next question. What are some ways for you to store your media? LF: I'll just use iPhone for storing photos, and it will show the locations and time for the pictures. I think it's really useful. AG: So, I mean, did you upload something to iCloud? Your photos? LF: No. Not really. Because when I upload a lot of photos to iCloud, it would ask me to pay for it. It just makes me feel very nervous. AG: Okay. So, tell me about any strategies you may have for protecting your privacy with your media usage. LF: Well. when I post Instagram photos, I [will] turn up the “Location Services.” But I would not include places like zoos and other public places. However, for most of the time, I would turn off the “Location Services.” AG: What important media are not a reflected in the formation on your device? For example, you might read some newspapers were magazines. Or listen to [the] radio. LF: I read New York Times. It's for my political science class. That's the only media I have access to that are not online. It's online, but I don't have access to it. AG: So, in this final section, I’d like you to reflect on your history with the device and apps you have shared with me, focusing on how you learned to use them in the way that you currently do. The first question is how you started using digital technology. LF: So, it's like when I graduated from primary school, most of my classmates were playing computer games. I think it's really fun. It felt like if I didn't use digital �technology, I would be excluded from them. So, that's the time I started to use digital technology. AG: So how has your relationship with it changed over time? You mentioned that you played video games and now you usually use your cell phone. Is there anything that changes it? LF: It's just because, you know, when people grow up, they become busier. There’s no time for video games. And I Noticed that when I use my phone, I use Canva or contact with my classmates and professors, but I do not use it as entertainment. AG: All the activities you have described so far, which was the most complex for you to learn? LF: Complex? I think it's about typing. I mean from the very beginning, when I was young, the typing was difficult. And how to type faster, it takes time and practice. AG: Can you tell me about any activities you wish you knew how to complete with your device? LF: I think editing videos. It’s really cool. But I feel it is a very difficult thing for me to do. I'm willing to try to do it. AG: Do you feel you have digital skills to operate effectively in a professional context? LF: I think so. AG: Like writing papers or. LF: But, I don't think I use cell phones to write papers, but I definitely use my PC. AG: So, another question. How would you describe someone who is digitally literate? LF: I think someone who spends most of the time reading online and dealing with activities or studying online are digitally literate. I think I am a digitally literate person AG: Can I ask why? LF: When I came to Oxford, all the textbooks were so expensive. So, I literally just bought e-books. I have a lot of reading assignments, and I just do them online. It's superfast. AG: So, is there anything else you'd like me to know or something I didn't ask, but I should have asked? �LF: I think when I come to college, there is something new about how I used digital devices because I have been using my iPad to take notes. I think it's like I also want to save some money from buying those notebooks. My iPad is super convenient. AG: So, thank you for your time for this interview. � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource 2018 APDH Interviews-Post-1980 Birthdates Oral History A resource containing historical information obtained in interviews with persons having firsthand knowledge. Interviewer The person(s) performing the interview AG (pseudonym) Interviewee The person(s) being interviewed LF (pseudonym) Location The location of the interview Oxford College Original Format The type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data Transcript Duration Length of time involved (seconds, minutes, hours, days, class periods, etc.) 6 pages State/Province of Residence The state or province in which the interviewee currently resides United States State/Province of Birth The state or province in which the interviewee was born China Five-year birth range The five-year range in which the interviewee was born 1996-2000 Nationalities All nationalities reported by the interviewee Chinese Gender Gender identified by the interviewee (female, male, non-binary/third gender) Female Race or ethnicity The interviewee's reported race or ethnicity Asian Socioeconomic class The interviewee's reported socioeconomic class (working class, middle class, upper middle class, upper class) Middle Class Main Languages Main languages reported by the interviewee Chinese Occupation Student Length of digital device access The length of time the interviewee has had access to any digital device (computer, mobile phone, gaming system, etc.) 10 years Age of regular digital device acess The age the interviewee first owned or had regular in-home access to a digital device of some sort (computer, mobile phone, gaming system, etc.) 10 years old Coding/markup languages Coding or markup languages with which the interviewee reports familiarity R Studio, NetBeans (Java) Device Type Type of device the interviewee chose to be interviewed about. Cellphone Device Make and Model The make and model of the device the interviewee chose as particularly significant for them. Apple iPhone Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Interview with a First-Year Chinese Student About Their Experience Using Academic and Personal Apps Description An account of the resource Interview #7 - Post-1980 Birthdate This interview is conducted on September 23rd. The interviewee is an Asian female who is a first-year student studying in Oxford College, Emory University. She was born in 2000 and came from China. The purpose of this interview is to document how people born in different time interval use digital technologies, and thus contribute to the Archive of Personal Digital History (APDH) documenting how different generations use digital technologies Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Oxford College of Emory University Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource September 2018 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource Adobe PDF Language A language of the resource English Apple Chinese college student international student iPhone https://apdh.oxomeka.org/files/original/5e76e4441e75bf9806acd72ae4df62de.pdf 1ff0276b9fdde4f7b48790e025898d9b PDF Text Text An Interview with a Self-Described Digitally Literate First-Year College Student Archive of Personal Digital History Interview #3 - Post-1980 Birthdate September 23, 2018 Introduction: This oral history interview on digital literacies and technology use is with Marie*, a first-year student at Oxford College of Emory University. She is from Georgia. The interviewer is Ana Natalia, a fellow classmate of Marie’s that attends the same university and is from Wellesley, Massachusetts. The purpose behind her interview is to understand the patterns of digital technology usage among peers who grew up in the emerging age of digital technology. Additionally, her goal for the interview was to practice engaged interview skills. *Pseudonym Transcript: Interviewer: Hello. Interviewee: Hello! Laughter Interviewer: So… Okay. So in this interview I'm going to take you on... I'm going to ask you to take me on a guided tour, um, of whatever digital device you brought that’s particularly significant for you or maybe that you use routinely. Um, so your mobile phone, uh, desktop, computer, laptop, etc, etc. Uh if the device enables it I’d like you to review records of your activities during the past month. This can include calendar entries, text messages, phones calls, emails, websites, or social media interactions, uh and talk to me about the people you interact with, the places you go, and the ways you use media and communication technologies. Um you can decide what to comment on or what to ignore, and you can decide when to share an example by showing it to me on your device. You should only share examples when you feel comfortable doing so also please don’t share information about anything illegal um or information that would compromise the privacy of another person. Please do not… Please do not mention the names of other people, um, you can just refer to them as whatever role they play in your life. So coworker, family member, um, or acquaintance. Alright. So before we begin do you have any questions? Interviewee: No. Interviewer: Ok. Alright. And do you mind if I take a photo of your device? Interviewee: Not at all! Interviewer: Are you doing your phone? 1 �Interviewee: Yeah. Interviewer: Ok. Laughter. I’m trying to get this without a shadow here. Ok. Interviewee: Beautiful. Interviewer: Uhm so... Could you tell me why you chose this device? Interviewee: So I’m on my phone a lot. I’m, like, generally what people consider to be, like, you know, millennials are obsessed with their phones, like, I hate that stereotype but also it definitely applies to me so I can’t be that mad at it. I use it, like, for work, like, I use it for any activities I’m involved in. I don’tlike anything I can do on my phone I do before anything else, so, it didn’t even really make sense to choose anything besides my phone because, like, I don't use anything else all that often. Interviewer: Alright that’s fair. Um and so if you use your phone… you say you use your phone pretty often. What apps do you usually use or is there a certain function that you use more than others? Interviewee: Um.. so this is going to get real weird. Interviewer: Laughter. Ok. Interviewee: So I have a Tumblr and it's 100% anonymous no one knows who I am but I am on that a lot. That takes up a lot of my non-school time. I also- so I play piano in my church's band I'm like the keyboardist or whatever and so um all my like planning, all the music that I do the notes that I take about the music that I'm playing are all on my phone because it's easier and I can look at it while I'm playing, um, so I do that a lot. Um texting my family is a big one and then like all of my school stuff is also on my lovely canvas app. So… I… so there's that too so basically any activity that takes up a lot of my time ends up somewhere in here. Picks up phone. Interviewer: Right. Um so as I hear, like, you kind of use these apps to maybe plan sometimes coordinate and maybe record your activities? Do you use any, um, maybe with your band, do you use any apps to record your activities? Interviewee: Not record my activities um there's a record of, like, who is playing what days or what songs we’re doing but it doesn't necessarily... It's more me getting the record rather than making one myself if that makes sense. Interviewer: Alright, yeah, absolutely. Um and so just based on what you see on your device, uh, what are your main activities? Interviewee: Um so… at least in my app suggestions it's Tumblr messages oh and I use this app called Musi for… to listen to music because I don't want to pay for Spotify so I use that a lot and then… Planning Center which is the app that has all of my music on it and stuff. 2 �Interviewer: And which of those that you just mentioned are most significant to you? Interviewee: Sighs. It kind of depends on what context. Um, if we're talking, like, in a more professional context definitely Planning Center. I would probably actually die without that app because it has all ofeverything that I need to know on it. Messages is also a big one I'm not a huge texter but, like, people will send me texts so that I know what's going on, where I need to be, if there's anything interesting going on with them so that's a big one. And then I am on Tumblr a lot just out of like when I'm just not doing anything or I need something to kill brain cells I’ll just scroll through. Interviewer: Do you use it- do you find that you use it for entertainment mostly or do you use it for selfexpression or maybe a combination of the both? Interviewee: So both mainly. I’m very big on, like, social justice, racial politics, feminism, all of that lovely millennial stuff. So my Tumblr is heavily… aggressively dedicated to that. I also have... I also have a side blog that's dedicated to, like, a particular TV show that I enjoy and it's like, you know, analyzing characters and different things like that so… yeah that's like the entertainment part but it's also kind of a job at this point because I'm one of the main mods so I'm responsible for providing contact forthis sound so weird- my followers? They don't even know who I am but it's part of my job... that I'm not getting paid for. Interviewer: That’s cool though! Do you find that... You refer to it as a job so is it something that you feel a responsibility to continue and that's why you do it or do you genuinely enjoy it and that's why you do it? Interviewee: So I do genuinely enjoy it. It's mostly like a humor blog and I use it to take a break from my main blog which is all about politics because politics are stressful. So I do enjoy doing it a lot that's why I started doing it. I do feel, like, a certain responsibility to maintain it and actually have not been real awesome with that since the school year started. But, uh, but mostly it's an entertainment thing. It's a fun thing that I and a friend of mine do and so, and so… We just- that's how- I don't know I just enjoy it. Interviewer: That’s really cool. Um so… you mentioned a little bit about some of the patterns you might do on Tumblr I'm assuming some of those patterns may include, like, updating this blog or scrolling through other blogs. But do you notice any patterns in your activities and the role your device plays in them? Interviewee: So there’s, like, a very big divide between, like, my- the life that people know about and my more private section. So like nobody in my life knows that I even have a Tumblr let alone that I run a social justice blog or a blog dedicated to this particular TV show so that's very separate from everything else. Also a lot of the browsing I do on my phone is like in incognito mode not necessarily because I need to hide it but I just am not big of leaving records of myself wherever I've been so there's that. And then on the other hand there's things like messages, and Instagram, and Planning Center even where everyone can see what I'm doing and it’s all, like, but it's nothing super personal or important or anything like that. So I guess that's a big pattern. 3 �Interviewer: Yeah! And are there any important, um, activities that are not reflected in the information on your device and if so which ones? Interviewee: Mmm... I don’t… I don’t know really. Pretty much everything that I do there’s some record of it whether it's like texting my friends and telling them I'm going to be at this place or, like, teaching in church and at least my schedule is on even if nobody knows exactly what I'm doing on there, so, there's a lot of that. I don't know if there's any- I mean I guess like a lot of my time that I'm not on my phone or working is dedicated to, like, just hanging out with my family and that's kind of like- it's not a hard-andfast rule- but it's kind of like a no phone situation. We’ll, like, watch movies or play cards or something like that so that takes up, like, a lot of my time. Actually yeah so there... every Sunday or at least before I started coming to school um my family and another family that were really close would get together and just do dinner every Sunday and we would play games and they have like, um, I used to babysit their kids. They're pretty young the oldest ones like six and the youngest one is almost one so they're really attached to myself and my brother and sister and so we would, like, hang out with them a, like, cook a lot of good food and that kind of thing so that was a big part of my life. It still is really I still go as much as I can but um there's not really any record of it I would say because like all of my friends know that every Sunday that's where I'm going to be and again it's kind of like a no phone situation so. Interviewer: Is that “no phone situation”, um, both during the Sunday dinners and also maybe when you're spending other times with your family during the week, um, did that arise out of a time when you really were attached to your phone and would be with your family and not be able to put it down or was it just something that you guys had all decided from the get-go, like, this needs to happen? Interviewee: No, it's not even something that we really ever talked about. It's just that nobody really brings their phone and so then it would be more of a... a divergence from the norm if we did it's not like anything- like we never discussed, like, you can't have your phone cause it's not a rule and we use your phone still for work or if somebody texts us or anything like that but, you know, in these times it's just expected that you, you know, participate in conversation and you play the game or whatever we're doing so that kind of thing. Interviewer: And do you think that there's something to be said about... how you interact with people with your phone versus without your phone and that's why you don't use your phone? Interviewee: I don’t know… Um... I would say there's not a huge divide between with or without. I mean, I guess the real conversation would be, like who I'm interacting with because if I’m, like, talking to my family or whatever, I guess I mean that's not necessarily true but a lot of times 50/50 when I'm talking to my family it'll be in person or even over a long phone call but not as often as we just hang out. I was homeschooled for my whole life basically. Interviewer: Oh wow! Interviewee: Oh, yeah. Surprise. Laughter So if you ever wonder why I'm so awkward... 4 �Interviewer: No! You’re not awkward at all. Laughter Interviewee: Um, but, it just meant that I spent a lot of time at home. I did like, I had friends and I did clubs like I had activities and things like that but a lot of my time was spent just at home and if I did homework I was at home or, you know, whatever. So I just grew up talking to my family face to face even when I got my phone, like, it was weird to not be speaking to them face-to-face and this other family that were close to there as close as my family so that rule kind of ended up applying to them as well. With my friends, like, we just use whatever: we talk in person, we talk on the phone, we FaceTime, we text, whatever. Um, but mostly if I'm with this select group of people it will mostly be in person or 50/50. Interviewer: That's very interesting. So you kind of did go into this but, um, the apps on your phone or programs if there are any specific ones, um, which do you use to communicate with other people? Interviewee: Just regular iMessages is a big one I'm not. Sighs. I’m a horrible horrible texter at the moment I have 398 unread text messages. Interviewer: So you would Define being horrible at texting by... Interviewee: I just don't check them or respond? Interviewer: Okay... Laughter. Interviewee: I just- like unless it’s like, if it’s like a more professional thing then I’ll check those but, like, my friends and I are all in a group chat and, like, the group chat’s been going on for, like, three years, and sometimes I don’t have time to check all of the messages. And they’re all almost the same thing and so I just. 398 text messages. I’m also… I use my email a lot. Also bad at that: I have 10,927 unread emails. Interviewer: Laughter. Interviewee: Yeah. I’m just not awesome at, like, checking my notifications. I don’t even know how many unread DMs I have… I just- I don’t even remember what the question was. The short answer is that I’m horrible at responding to people. Yeah. Interviewer: Right. So do you find that… So the question was do you- what programs of apps do you use to communicate with other people. So in that case, do you consider messages communicating with other people? Interviewee: Yes, because I do when it’s, like, important. Um… communicate… yeah messages or just like my phone calls if… well really that’s just about it. I did used to use snapchat a lot, I used to use Instagram DMs a lot I don’t that much anymore but that used to be a big part in my life. Now it’s mostly just texts. I think Interviewer: Ok. Sorry I just need to… turn an alarm off. So do you notice any patterns in your communication and the role, then, that your device plays in that? 5 �Interviewee: I mean, for someone that is as attached to my phone as I am you’d think I’d be a better responder but I’m not. Interviewer: Laughter. Interviewee: So a big pattern is that I’m not real often at responding to messages. Um… I don’t know a lot of my conversations are to my family or just out of necessity. So, like, it’s either some professional context (my boss, something for church, whatever, my job), um or its my family. And then, like, a couple of select friends that I text a lot. So that’s about it. And then phone calls same deal. It’s just my family, a few people I’m really close to, or anything that's absolutely necessary. So that’s about it. Interviewer: Um and how do you decide which mode of communication you choose to use over another when talking to different people? Interviewee: I mean… So, like, I have a Snapchat. I used to be really attached to it but I kind of dropped off it but I have it because there’s one very big group chat of my friends that’s still on Snapchat. So, like, in certain respects it just depends on what mode of communication starts first. We started using Snapchat first so we just… stayed there. Um… But everywhere else is just messages, mostly. It just- no matter who I’m talking to pretty much I’ll text them or call them. Interviewer: And um… What important interactions with people are not reflected in the information on your phone? Interviewee: Yeah I- I mentioned, like, that we go to these Sunday dinners and we hang out with this family a lot. And a lot of that is… In fact a couple weeks ago- we do this every year- we go to this, like, big cabin that’s in, up in north Georgia and spend, like, three days or so and there is no service in the cabin so that makes it a “no phone situation”. Interviewer: I see. Interviewee: And that’s a more hard and fast rule cause it wouldn’t even matter if you did bring your phone, there’s just nothing to do about that. Um we also go… we have a lot of, like, weird traditions. We go apple picking every year, that happens to be in the middle of a forest, so, same deal, no service. Um, or, like, just anything like that. So, um, a lot of the interactions we have with them are, like, in person basically. Um, like, hanging out with my friends, I just- we just don’t- it’s not recorded in my phone at least. I mean, I use my phone while it’s happening but you wouldn’t be able to tell from what you were doing. Um, that kind of thing. Interviewer: Ok. Um, so, I’m going to ask you a few questions about places and how they relate with your phone. Um, so I’d like to ask you to look through your device and see what records you have of places you went during the month. So, for example, maybe that will be, um, records of places in your calendar, if you have, like, a mapping application such as Google Maps or Waze, um, location services on your phone, anything like that? 6 �Interviewee: Um so I do- I use just regular apple maps if I need to get somewhere, um, you wouldn’t really be able to tell where I’ve been because it’s almost all, like, places I’ve just looked up to see, like, how far away they are and that is almost entirely food so it’s like: Panera, Taco Bell, Starbucks, pizza, etc. Um, but, I don’t really go anywhere besides home and church and school so I guess, like, you know, like, I don’t know if you know like when you turn on maps it says like “marked loca-” or like “favorite location” or somewhere and it’s like home and then it takes- it can navigate me to my church- not that I need it, I know how to get there- and then school. So that, I mean I guess that’s about it. I- I do have location services on, I don’t know how to use it which is why I never turn it off, but, like, my family are all in- we’re what’s considered “friends" on an iPhone which basically means, like, if my dad’s at work I can basically track him and find out when he’s coming home or whatever. Um and they like to know where I am just to be sure that I’m safe, so that I guess is one of the bigger things but other than that not really any… any particular locations. Interviewer: Ok. Um, so do you use any- so you said that you used the maps to, like, navigate/ discover a location for food, um, do you know if you have any apps that, like, track your movement other than… Interviewee: I mean I hope not? Laughter. I don’t think I do. I wouldn’t even know what that would be though. I don’t know. Interviewer: Alright. And, um, do you have- have you noticed any patterns in, like, places you visit or movement from place to place? Interviewee: The pattern is I don’t like the dining hall. Interviewer: Laughter. Interviewee: So I leave campus as much as possible. Um, yeah. And, like, on Sundays my friends and I will leave after church and go to lunch so, like, that's a big part of our, like, interactions and so it’s usually like one of us googling- me cause I’m the fastest- googling like where we can go to eat or wherever has the shortest wait time, that kind of thing. Um, but I think that’s about it. That I know of at least. Interviewer: Ok. What um… How did you first learn to navigate to new places? Did you learn on your phone or did you learn in some other way? Interviewee: No… Um.. I have a pretty good sense of direction already so, like, a lot of places that I would go a lot, like we had this one friend’s house that, like, we were there all the time so I learned how to get there pretty quickly. I guess just by watching- I’m not big on street names or anything like that and then, my home town is so small so all the street names have, like, the same name or close to that. So the street names wouldn’t even matter that much if I knew them. So with that said, yeah normally I learned to navigate pretty easily even before my GPS came and then, like, once I started using my GPS a lot to go to places like, if I was going to a new job, or coming here, like, I would use my goo- my um… Interviewer: Google maps? 7 �Interviewee: Yeah, apple maps um to get wherever I was going but then I picked it up pretty quickly so then I would stop using it. So… I guess just by watching. Interviewer: Ok! Yeah. Fair. Laughter. And… are there any important places or navigational practices that are not reflected in your information that’s on your phone? Interviewee: Mmm… I don’t think so. All of the places that I, like, that I go to a lot or that are pretty important to me, like, come up as, like, favorite locations in my phone so you can pretty much tell where i go a lot just by- just by looking through my favorites. Um but so I think pretty much everything is, like, marked down I guess. Interviewer: Ok. Um so I am going to move on to medias, the last section. Um so I’d like to ask you to look through your device and see what records you have of medias you’ve used during the past month. And for this section I’m interested in, like, any social media posts, texts, photos, music, videos, TV shows, games, um, or movies that you’ve listened to or watched or played. Um or that you yourself have created or many distributed. Um so… and based on what you see on your device what apps or programs do you use most to access or produce media? Interviewee: Um we already established that I’m on Tumblr a lot. Interviewer: Right. Interviewee: Um… another big one I guess would be Instagram. I- my Instagram is like- it's the part of social media that I’m most involved with that people know about. So um it’s just like, you know, pictures of my friends and I any time something interesting happens and I’ll post about it but not, like, not on a day to day basis or anything like that. In fact I don’t think I’ve posted since the school years started. Oh well. Um… so that’s a big one. I watch YouTube a lot, just like, as entertainment for, or when I need a mental break from whatever I’m doing. I started binging a bunch of TV shows on, like, the shadiest websites online, um, so, you know, things like that. That’s about it I think. I have, like, I have Netflix, but I don’t know how to get it on my phone or TV- I mean I guess I can figure it out, but it’s just easier to stream whatever I want so that’s mostly what I do. Interviewer: Do you feel pressure to post on your Instagram? Interviewee: Yeah, not- I mean, once in a while I think, like, oh people are going to think I dropped off the face of the planet or whatever, but, like, I mean, everyone that I’m super close with I see a lot in person so I’m not super stressed out about it. And I’m not really big on Instagram I don’t have a lot of followers. Interviewer: So you were talking about how you started using digital technologies you said had the computer when you were, um… 8 �Interviewee: Right I had the computer when I was really young and then my phone later on. Some apps and things Im still king of trying to learn how to use. I’m not super- like- I just do what I need to do on them and so if there’s like a lot of other options I’m not usually looking into them because I just don’t care that much. But, I don’t know I think that’s about it. And then some things just, like, I feel like are just common sense. Interviewer: So you established that you, um, think- you consider yourself digitally literate. Was there a moment where you were, like, alright I’m- I’m here I made it. Right? Or Was there a process of learning to be digitally literate or was it just a product of your environment growing up? What… what are you thinking? Interviewee: Um, I think it was definitely a product of the way that I grew up especially being homeschooled, like, I had to become digitally literate very early because it was a lot of my exposure to the outside world, it was a lot of my education, it was a lot of my xyz. Um, I also think that there was, I don’t know, a period when I was, like, 8-11 maybe where I realized that my parents were referring to me and my brother more, like, in terms of, like technology questions, you know, instead of me having to ask them, “How do I turn the TV on or change the channel?” it became the other way around. So, I think that was one of the bigger markers. I also, in my church, I’m referencing this a lot I’m now realizing, in my church I-uh I used to be, I still am really, I used to be… like I worked in the technological department of our children’s ministry. So I was in charge of putting up sounds, lights, that kind of thing. And, um at a young age there happened to be not enough children to do it so they ended up pulling me into that program at a very early age so that was when I was, like, ten when I should have been eleven or twelve. Um so that kind of thing I learned to do that- to use those technologies very quickly, I had to, so that I think was another period I think when I started learning more about technology and just things that it could do. Interviewer: So correct me if I’m wrong but it seems like you feel like, in our words, you had to learn certain technologies because the adults around you were kind of relying on you to have learned them? Interviewee: Yeah. Exactly. I just- I don’t know. If I reference that I knew something they would just assume that I knew something else. Again, my habit was just to look it up and I just gained more knowledge through the cycle of just asking questions and answering the question. So I- because of the necessity of people around me, the church, in my family, wherever, even my friends, I just had to become digitally literate more earlier than most people I think. Interviewer: Do you think that process of having to just look it up or naturally just kind of looking it up change the way you learn now? Interviewee: Yeah I think so. We were talking about (are we allowed to reference our class?) Interviewer: Yeah Laughter Interviewee: We were talking about a certain kind of learning- and I can’t think of the name right nowbut it’s basically where you learn something like you’re okay with just surface learning or just the core- 9 �quickest answer. And because a lot of my digital questions were like, um, we had, like a deadline (I mean I had to learn tech in church early because they needed me, I had to learn how to change the channel because my parents wanted to watch TV) that kind of thing I just learned to look for the quickest answer. And so even now in my, like, researching and things like that I don’t find myself turning to, like, scholarly articles, or like, any deeper text as I just- I do Google Scholar or that kind of thing so I do think it’s had a profound possible negative effect on my learning but I- I get it done faster so there’s that. Interviewer: Yeah well you get it done faster so that seems to be kind of a… a theme I guess. How fast you can learn things. Interviewee: Exactly. Interviewer: Um, is there anything you’d like me to know? Is there anything I didn’t ask that you think I should have? Interviewee: I don’t think so Laughter Interviewer: Alright Interviewee: Awesome Interviewer: Thank you! Interviewee: No problem! 10 � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource 2018 APDH Interviews-Post-1980 Birthdates Oral History A resource containing historical information obtained in interviews with persons having firsthand knowledge. Interviewer The person(s) performing the interview Ana-Natalia Epstein Interviewee The person(s) being interviewed Marie (pseudonym) Location The location of the interview Oxford, GA Original Format The type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data Transcript Duration Length of time involved (seconds, minutes, hours, days, class periods, etc.) 10 pages State/Province of Residence The state or province in which the interviewee currently resides Georgia, USA State/Province of Birth The state or province in which the interviewee was born Florida, USA Five-year birth range The five-year range in which the interviewee was born 1996-2000 Nationalities All nationalities reported by the interviewee American Gender Gender identified by the interviewee (female, male, non-binary/third gender) Female Race or ethnicity The interviewee's reported race or ethnicity African American Socioeconomic class The interviewee's reported socioeconomic class (working class, middle class, upper middle class, upper class) Working Class Main Languages Main languages reported by the interviewee English Occupation Nanny, Library Assistant Length of digital device access The length of time the interviewee has had access to any digital device (computer, mobile phone, gaming system, etc.) 7 years Age of regular digital device acess The age the interviewee first owned or had regular in-home access to a digital device of some sort (computer, mobile phone, gaming system, etc.) 10 years old Coding/markup languages Coding or markup languages with which the interviewee reports familiarity N/A Device Type Type of device the interviewee chose to be interviewed about. Cellphone Device Make and Model The make and model of the device the interviewee chose as particularly significant for them. iPhone 8 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource An Interview with a Self-Described Digitally-Literate First-Year College Student Description An account of the resource Interview #3 - Post-1980 Birthdate This oral history interview on digital literacies and technology use is with Marie*, a first-year student at Oxford College of Emory University. She is from Georgia. The interviewer is Ana Natalia, a fellow classmate of Marie’s that attends the same university and is from Wellesley, Massachusetts. The purpose behind her interview is to understand the patterns of digital technology usage among peers who grew up in the emerging age of digital technology. Additionally, her goal for the interview was to practice engaged interview skills. Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Oxford College of Emory University Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource September 2018 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource Adobe PDF Language A language of the resource English African-American Apple college student iPhone